High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis as a Result of 5-Oxoproline

High anion gap metabolic acidosis is a common acid–base disorder encountered in hospitalized patients and more so in the intensive care unit. The most common causes are accumulation of lactate, ketones, and urea and ingestion of certain toxins. In the absence of these, lesser-known etiologies such a...

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Main Authors: Suvika Patel, Falguni Parikh, Niranjan Kulkarni
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2022-07-01
Series:Indian Journal of Medical Specialities
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/injms.injms_8_22
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author Suvika Patel
Falguni Parikh
Niranjan Kulkarni
author_facet Suvika Patel
Falguni Parikh
Niranjan Kulkarni
author_sort Suvika Patel
collection DOAJ
description High anion gap metabolic acidosis is a common acid–base disorder encountered in hospitalized patients and more so in the intensive care unit. The most common causes are accumulation of lactate, ketones, and urea and ingestion of certain toxins. In the absence of these, lesser-known etiologies such as accumulation of D-lactate or pyroglutamic acid (PGA) should be suspected. PGA (5-oxoproline) is an endogenous organic acid that can accumulate in serum to cause anionic gap metabolic acidosis. This can occur with inherited defects in enzymes that participate in the y-glutamyl cycle or can be acquired in association with therapeutic paracetamol use, malnutrition, sepsis, antibiotics, and renal impairment. Our case illustrates that prompt recognition of this entity and discontinuation of offending agents such as paracetamol result in rapid recovery, thus reducing the hospital stay.
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institution Kabale University
issn 0976-2884
0976-2892
language English
publishDate 2022-07-01
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
record_format Article
series Indian Journal of Medical Specialities
spelling doaj-art-89acb23e8ea8408d84e20e2d20d73e072025-08-25T08:38:24ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Medical Specialities0976-28840976-28922022-07-0113319820010.4103/injms.injms_8_22High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis as a Result of 5-OxoprolineSuvika PatelFalguni ParikhNiranjan KulkarniHigh anion gap metabolic acidosis is a common acid–base disorder encountered in hospitalized patients and more so in the intensive care unit. The most common causes are accumulation of lactate, ketones, and urea and ingestion of certain toxins. In the absence of these, lesser-known etiologies such as accumulation of D-lactate or pyroglutamic acid (PGA) should be suspected. PGA (5-oxoproline) is an endogenous organic acid that can accumulate in serum to cause anionic gap metabolic acidosis. This can occur with inherited defects in enzymes that participate in the y-glutamyl cycle or can be acquired in association with therapeutic paracetamol use, malnutrition, sepsis, antibiotics, and renal impairment. Our case illustrates that prompt recognition of this entity and discontinuation of offending agents such as paracetamol result in rapid recovery, thus reducing the hospital stay.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/injms.injms_8_22high anion gap metabolic acidosisparacetamolpyroglutamic acidosisrenal impairment
spellingShingle Suvika Patel
Falguni Parikh
Niranjan Kulkarni
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis as a Result of 5-Oxoproline
Indian Journal of Medical Specialities
high anion gap metabolic acidosis
paracetamol
pyroglutamic acidosis
renal impairment
title High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis as a Result of 5-Oxoproline
title_full High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis as a Result of 5-Oxoproline
title_fullStr High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis as a Result of 5-Oxoproline
title_full_unstemmed High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis as a Result of 5-Oxoproline
title_short High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis as a Result of 5-Oxoproline
title_sort high anion gap metabolic acidosis as a result of 5 oxoproline
topic high anion gap metabolic acidosis
paracetamol
pyroglutamic acidosis
renal impairment
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/injms.injms_8_22
work_keys_str_mv AT suvikapatel highaniongapmetabolicacidosisasaresultof5oxoproline
AT falguniparikh highaniongapmetabolicacidosisasaresultof5oxoproline
AT niranjankulkarni highaniongapmetabolicacidosisasaresultof5oxoproline