Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics from the Perspective of Boltzmannian Statistical Mechanics

This paper examines no-hidden-variables theorems in quantum mechanics from the point of view of statistical mechanics. It presents a general analysis of the measurement process in the Boltzmannian framework that leads to a characterization of (in)compatible measurements and reproduces several featur...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Dustin Lazarovici
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-09-01
Series:Quantum Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2624-960X/6/3/31
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850259581267083264
author Dustin Lazarovici
author_facet Dustin Lazarovici
author_sort Dustin Lazarovici
collection DOAJ
description This paper examines no-hidden-variables theorems in quantum mechanics from the point of view of statistical mechanics. It presents a general analysis of the measurement process in the Boltzmannian framework that leads to a characterization of (in)compatible measurements and reproduces several features of quantum probabilities often described as “non-classical”. The analysis is applied to versions of the Kochen–Specker and Bell theorems to shed more light on their implications. It is shown how, once the measurement device and the active role of the measurement process are taken into account, contextuality appears as a natural feature of random variables. This corroborates Bell’s criticism that no-go results of the Kochen–Specker type are based on gratuitous assumptions. In contrast, Bell-type theorems are much more profound, but should be understood as nonlocality theorems rather than no-hidden-variables theorems. Finally, the paper addresses misunderstandings and misleading terminology that have confused the debate about hidden variables in quantum mechanics.
format Article
id doaj-art-89a3b231147d4bc09ad61d2aa55a9cff
institution OA Journals
issn 2624-960X
language English
publishDate 2024-09-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Quantum Reports
spelling doaj-art-89a3b231147d4bc09ad61d2aa55a9cff2025-08-20T01:55:49ZengMDPI AGQuantum Reports2624-960X2024-09-016346548110.3390/quantum6030031Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics from the Perspective of Boltzmannian Statistical MechanicsDustin Lazarovici0Humanities and Arts Department, Technion —Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, IsraelThis paper examines no-hidden-variables theorems in quantum mechanics from the point of view of statistical mechanics. It presents a general analysis of the measurement process in the Boltzmannian framework that leads to a characterization of (in)compatible measurements and reproduces several features of quantum probabilities often described as “non-classical”. The analysis is applied to versions of the Kochen–Specker and Bell theorems to shed more light on their implications. It is shown how, once the measurement device and the active role of the measurement process are taken into account, contextuality appears as a natural feature of random variables. This corroborates Bell’s criticism that no-go results of the Kochen–Specker type are based on gratuitous assumptions. In contrast, Bell-type theorems are much more profound, but should be understood as nonlocality theorems rather than no-hidden-variables theorems. Finally, the paper addresses misunderstandings and misleading terminology that have confused the debate about hidden variables in quantum mechanics.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-960X/6/3/31quantum foundationshidden variablesstatistical mechanicsKochen–Specker theoremBell’s theoremcontextuality
spellingShingle Dustin Lazarovici
Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics from the Perspective of Boltzmannian Statistical Mechanics
Quantum Reports
quantum foundations
hidden variables
statistical mechanics
Kochen–Specker theorem
Bell’s theorem
contextuality
title Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics from the Perspective of Boltzmannian Statistical Mechanics
title_full Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics from the Perspective of Boltzmannian Statistical Mechanics
title_fullStr Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics from the Perspective of Boltzmannian Statistical Mechanics
title_full_unstemmed Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics from the Perspective of Boltzmannian Statistical Mechanics
title_short Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics from the Perspective of Boltzmannian Statistical Mechanics
title_sort hidden variables in quantum mechanics from the perspective of boltzmannian statistical mechanics
topic quantum foundations
hidden variables
statistical mechanics
Kochen–Specker theorem
Bell’s theorem
contextuality
url https://www.mdpi.com/2624-960X/6/3/31
work_keys_str_mv AT dustinlazarovici hiddenvariablesinquantummechanicsfromtheperspectiveofboltzmannianstatisticalmechanics