Effects of forest structure and harvest‐induced edges on predation risk

ABSTRACT Managed forest systems have implications for wildlife conservation because of their direct influence on condition and distribution of forest patches on the landscape. Spatial arrangement, structure, and composition of patches can influence reproductive outcomes for breeding birds by mediati...

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Main Authors: Jenny R. Foggia, Scott A. Rush, Darren A. Miller, T. Bently Wigley, James A. Martin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2018-06-01
Series:Wildlife Society Bulletin
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.879
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author Jenny R. Foggia
Scott A. Rush
Darren A. Miller
T. Bently Wigley
James A. Martin
author_facet Jenny R. Foggia
Scott A. Rush
Darren A. Miller
T. Bently Wigley
James A. Martin
author_sort Jenny R. Foggia
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Managed forest systems have implications for wildlife conservation because of their direct influence on condition and distribution of forest patches on the landscape. Spatial arrangement, structure, and composition of patches can influence reproductive outcomes for breeding birds by mediating nest site selection, survival, and predator–prey dynamics. Few studies have explored effects of local and adjacent forest‐stand structure and harvest‐induced edges on nest predation risk. Therefore, during summer 2014, we conducted artificial nest experiments within an intensively managed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) landscape in Mississippi, USA. We used survival models to quantify effects of forest stand structure and proximity to harvest‐induced edges on apparent predation risk (APR). We conducted vegetation surveys and placed artificial nests (n = 146) at systematic distances from edges between 4 different pine stand types (Class 1: newly established stands; Class 2: 3–5 yr old; Class 3: 5–10 yr old; and Class 4: >10 yr old and postthinned). We sampled 4 stand pairs, each consisting of a Class 1 stand adjacent to a stand type of Class 1 (n = 4), 2 (n = 3), 3 (n = 4), or 4 (n = 4), and developed 15 a priori models relating APR to edge and vegetation characteristics. Apparent predation risk tended to be low and negatively related to edge where adjacent stands featured high proportion of shrub cover and vegetation density. We did not find strong evidence to support increased risk of nest predation near edges. These results were consistent with findings from studies in similar landscape contexts and suggest edges in forest‐dominated landscapes do not increase relative risk of nest predation. Rather, we found that APR was lowest in stands featuring dense shrub and vegetation cover that developed following clearcut harvest. Results of our study highlight some implications of forest harvest on reproductive success of birds, particularly those using early successional vegetation. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
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spelling doaj-art-89a386ff656d4cbebe13cc4cd882cb952025-08-20T02:36:23ZengWileyWildlife Society Bulletin2328-55402018-06-0142223724510.1002/wsb.879Effects of forest structure and harvest‐induced edges on predation riskJenny R. Foggia0Scott A. Rush1Darren A. Miller2T. Bently Wigley3James A. Martin4College of Forest ResourcesMississippi State University, Mississippi StateMS39762USACollege of Forest ResourcesMississippi State University, Mississippi StateMS39762USAWeyerhaeuser CompanyColumbusMS39704USANational Council for Air and Stream ImprovementIncorporatedClemsonSC29634‐0317USAWarnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA30602USAABSTRACT Managed forest systems have implications for wildlife conservation because of their direct influence on condition and distribution of forest patches on the landscape. Spatial arrangement, structure, and composition of patches can influence reproductive outcomes for breeding birds by mediating nest site selection, survival, and predator–prey dynamics. Few studies have explored effects of local and adjacent forest‐stand structure and harvest‐induced edges on nest predation risk. Therefore, during summer 2014, we conducted artificial nest experiments within an intensively managed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) landscape in Mississippi, USA. We used survival models to quantify effects of forest stand structure and proximity to harvest‐induced edges on apparent predation risk (APR). We conducted vegetation surveys and placed artificial nests (n = 146) at systematic distances from edges between 4 different pine stand types (Class 1: newly established stands; Class 2: 3–5 yr old; Class 3: 5–10 yr old; and Class 4: >10 yr old and postthinned). We sampled 4 stand pairs, each consisting of a Class 1 stand adjacent to a stand type of Class 1 (n = 4), 2 (n = 3), 3 (n = 4), or 4 (n = 4), and developed 15 a priori models relating APR to edge and vegetation characteristics. Apparent predation risk tended to be low and negatively related to edge where adjacent stands featured high proportion of shrub cover and vegetation density. We did not find strong evidence to support increased risk of nest predation near edges. These results were consistent with findings from studies in similar landscape contexts and suggest edges in forest‐dominated landscapes do not increase relative risk of nest predation. Rather, we found that APR was lowest in stands featuring dense shrub and vegetation cover that developed following clearcut harvest. Results of our study highlight some implications of forest harvest on reproductive success of birds, particularly those using early successional vegetation. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.879artificial nest predationavian communitiesearly successionedgeforest managementloblolly pine
spellingShingle Jenny R. Foggia
Scott A. Rush
Darren A. Miller
T. Bently Wigley
James A. Martin
Effects of forest structure and harvest‐induced edges on predation risk
Wildlife Society Bulletin
artificial nest predation
avian communities
early succession
edge
forest management
loblolly pine
title Effects of forest structure and harvest‐induced edges on predation risk
title_full Effects of forest structure and harvest‐induced edges on predation risk
title_fullStr Effects of forest structure and harvest‐induced edges on predation risk
title_full_unstemmed Effects of forest structure and harvest‐induced edges on predation risk
title_short Effects of forest structure and harvest‐induced edges on predation risk
title_sort effects of forest structure and harvest induced edges on predation risk
topic artificial nest predation
avian communities
early succession
edge
forest management
loblolly pine
url https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.879
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AT tbentlywigley effectsofforeststructureandharvestinducededgesonpredationrisk
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