Treatment outcomes of patients with uncomplicated malaria and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study, 2024
Abstract Background Malaria is the major public health problem in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Despite extensive interventional studies being conducted to attain the 2030 malaria elimination goals, there is limited data on the treatment outcomes of uncomplicated malaria in Ethiopia. Thus, thi...
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BMC
2025-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10791-z |
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| author | Tilahun Bizuayehu Demass Mulat Addis Beshaw Getasew Mulat Bantie Belay Bezabih Beyene Melaku Tadege Agumas Alemu Alehegn Abraham Amsalu Berneh Mulat Yimer Amare Alemu Melese Wondwossen Amogne Degu |
| author_facet | Tilahun Bizuayehu Demass Mulat Addis Beshaw Getasew Mulat Bantie Belay Bezabih Beyene Melaku Tadege Agumas Alemu Alehegn Abraham Amsalu Berneh Mulat Yimer Amare Alemu Melese Wondwossen Amogne Degu |
| author_sort | Tilahun Bizuayehu Demass |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Malaria is the major public health problem in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Despite extensive interventional studies being conducted to attain the 2030 malaria elimination goals, there is limited data on the treatment outcomes of uncomplicated malaria in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the treatment outcomes and associated factors of uncomplicated malaria in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods This study was conducted in two health centers, Kolla Diba and Forhe-Sankira, located in Dembia and North Achefer Districts, from April to June 2024. Data was collected from 460 study participants who presented with signs and symptoms and from parasitologically confirmed patients. Malaria was confirmed using microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDT). The parasitologically confirmed patients were appointed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 28th days to determine treatment outcomes for those who were parasitemic on the preceding visit or symptomatic at each visit. The collected longitudinal data was entered and cleaned by Epi-data 4.1 and then analyzed using SPSS 25 software. Descriptive statistics were computed. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes at a 95% CI, and a p-value ˂ 0.05 was considered significant. Results Of the 460 study participants, 234 (50.9%) were parasitologically confirmed. Treatment outcomes were determined for 224 (95.7%) patients. Ten patients were lost to follow-up. The overall unsuccessful treatment rate was 18.8%. No previous malaria attack (AOR = 18.62, 95% CI: 5.15, 67.25), being infected by Plasmodium vivax (AOR = 8.58; 95% CI: 2.85, 25.83), and coartem two times for 3 days plus primaquine for 14 days (AOR = 4.84; 95% CI: 1.83, 12.79) were the identified factors for unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Conclusions and recommendations This study revealed that a higher proportion of patients had an unsuccessful treatment outcome. No previous malarial attack, being infected by Plasmodium vivax, and coartem plus primaquine were the identified factors for unsuccessful treatment outcomes. We recommend that healthcare providers prescribe first-line antimalarial therapy and appoint patients for follow-up evaluation according to the national guidelines to identify treatment failure early. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-89a34122164f4d36b0ce4e5441a3ec44 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-89a34122164f4d36b0ce4e5441a3ec442025-08-20T03:41:46ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-03-012511910.1186/s12879-025-10791-zTreatment outcomes of patients with uncomplicated malaria and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study, 2024Tilahun Bizuayehu Demass0Mulat Addis Beshaw1Getasew Mulat Bantie2Belay Bezabih Beyene3Melaku Tadege4Agumas Alemu Alehegn5Abraham Amsalu Berneh6Mulat Yimer7Amare Alemu Melese8Wondwossen Amogne Degu9College of Health Sciences, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Unit, Addis Ababa UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarRegional Data Management Center for Health, Amhara Public Health InstituteAmhara Public Health InstituteRegional Data Management Center for Health, Amhara Public Health InstituteAmhara Public Health InstituteAmhara Public Health InstituteDepartment of Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar UniversityEthiopian Public Health InstituteCollege of Health Sciences, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Unit, Addis Ababa UniversityAbstract Background Malaria is the major public health problem in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Despite extensive interventional studies being conducted to attain the 2030 malaria elimination goals, there is limited data on the treatment outcomes of uncomplicated malaria in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the treatment outcomes and associated factors of uncomplicated malaria in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods This study was conducted in two health centers, Kolla Diba and Forhe-Sankira, located in Dembia and North Achefer Districts, from April to June 2024. Data was collected from 460 study participants who presented with signs and symptoms and from parasitologically confirmed patients. Malaria was confirmed using microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDT). The parasitologically confirmed patients were appointed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 28th days to determine treatment outcomes for those who were parasitemic on the preceding visit or symptomatic at each visit. The collected longitudinal data was entered and cleaned by Epi-data 4.1 and then analyzed using SPSS 25 software. Descriptive statistics were computed. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with unsuccessful treatment outcomes at a 95% CI, and a p-value ˂ 0.05 was considered significant. Results Of the 460 study participants, 234 (50.9%) were parasitologically confirmed. Treatment outcomes were determined for 224 (95.7%) patients. Ten patients were lost to follow-up. The overall unsuccessful treatment rate was 18.8%. No previous malaria attack (AOR = 18.62, 95% CI: 5.15, 67.25), being infected by Plasmodium vivax (AOR = 8.58; 95% CI: 2.85, 25.83), and coartem two times for 3 days plus primaquine for 14 days (AOR = 4.84; 95% CI: 1.83, 12.79) were the identified factors for unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Conclusions and recommendations This study revealed that a higher proportion of patients had an unsuccessful treatment outcome. No previous malarial attack, being infected by Plasmodium vivax, and coartem plus primaquine were the identified factors for unsuccessful treatment outcomes. We recommend that healthcare providers prescribe first-line antimalarial therapy and appoint patients for follow-up evaluation according to the national guidelines to identify treatment failure early.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10791-zTreatment outcomeFactorsUncomplicated malariaCureFailureLost to follow-up |
| spellingShingle | Tilahun Bizuayehu Demass Mulat Addis Beshaw Getasew Mulat Bantie Belay Bezabih Beyene Melaku Tadege Agumas Alemu Alehegn Abraham Amsalu Berneh Mulat Yimer Amare Alemu Melese Wondwossen Amogne Degu Treatment outcomes of patients with uncomplicated malaria and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study, 2024 BMC Infectious Diseases Treatment outcome Factors Uncomplicated malaria Cure Failure Lost to follow-up |
| title | Treatment outcomes of patients with uncomplicated malaria and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study, 2024 |
| title_full | Treatment outcomes of patients with uncomplicated malaria and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study, 2024 |
| title_fullStr | Treatment outcomes of patients with uncomplicated malaria and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study, 2024 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treatment outcomes of patients with uncomplicated malaria and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study, 2024 |
| title_short | Treatment outcomes of patients with uncomplicated malaria and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopia: a prospective follow-up study, 2024 |
| title_sort | treatment outcomes of patients with uncomplicated malaria and associated factors in northwest ethiopia a prospective follow up study 2024 |
| topic | Treatment outcome Factors Uncomplicated malaria Cure Failure Lost to follow-up |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10791-z |
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