Clinical value of the worst pattern of invasion in predicting extranodal extension in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Clinical value of the worst pattern of invasion in predicting extranodal extension in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract Objective Extranodal extension (ENE) is one of the major influencing factors for the oncological outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We aimed to elucidate the clinical features predictive of ENE in OSCC. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients wi...

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Main Authors: Mirai Higaki, Toshinori Ando, Fumitaka Obayashi, Nanako Ito, Suguru Hirota, Atsuko Hamada, Sachiko Yamasaki, Tomoaki Shintani, Koichi Koizumi, Souichi Yanamoto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-07-01
Series:Discover Oncology
Subjects:
Extranodal extension
Neck dissection
Oral squamous cell carcinoma
Worst pattern of invasion
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-03058-1
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Summary:Abstract Objective Extranodal extension (ENE) is one of the major influencing factors for the oncological outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We aimed to elucidate the clinical features predictive of ENE in OSCC. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with OSCC who underwent neck dissection (ND) with a confirmed pN + status. Cases in which the histopathological evaluation was compromised by preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy were excluded. Histopathological evaluation of extent of ENE category and grading of worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) was compared for available cases. Results Fifty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. Of these, 32/59 (54.2%) were ENE-positive. A higher incidence of ENE was observed in cases where ND was performed at a separate time from the primary tumor resection (odds ratio [OR] = 11.0, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 2.23–54.5, P = 0.003). Additionally, a higher grade of WPOI (WPOI 4 or 5) was significantly associated with ENE occurrence (OR = 4.53, 95%CI 1.19–20.50, P = 0.026). A positive correlation between the WPOI grade and ENE extent was also identified (ρ = 0.412, P <.001). Conclusion We demonstrated an association between WPOI and ENE in patients with OSCC.
ISSN:2730-6011

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