PPIH is a novel diagnostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinoma
Abstract Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) is the second most common primary liver malignancy, characterized by high aggressiveness and heterogeneity. It is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. Although Peptidyl Proline Isomerase H (PPIH) has been implicated in v...
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| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Cancer |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13607-0 |
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| author | Jun Ye Zhitao Chen Chuan Zhang Rui Xie Haini Chen Peng Ren |
| author_facet | Jun Ye Zhitao Chen Chuan Zhang Rui Xie Haini Chen Peng Ren |
| author_sort | Jun Ye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) is the second most common primary liver malignancy, characterized by high aggressiveness and heterogeneity. It is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. Although Peptidyl Proline Isomerase H (PPIH) has been implicated in various tumors, its role in CHOL remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value and potential function of PPIH in CHOL. Methods We analyzed the expression levels, prognostic significance, and diagnostic efficiency of PPIH in CHOL using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, coupled with gene enrichment analyses. The CIBERSORT database was employed to assess the correlation between PPIH expression and immune cell infiltration in CHOL. Additionally, immunohistochemical experiments were conducted to validate PPIH expression levels in CHOL tissues and to explore its correlation with TP53 gene mutations. Results Our findings indicate that overexpression of PPIH mRNA in CHOL is associated with poor prognosis, with increased PPIH protein levels observed in CHOL tissues. Furthermore, PPIH expression showed a positive correlation with TP53 mutations. PPIH demonstrated strong diagnostic value for CHOL. Moreover, PPIH may influence tumor progression through its involvement in cell cycle regulation and spliceosome pathways, and is associated with immune cell infiltration levels. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that PPIH is a potential novel biomarker with significant diagnostic value for patients with CHOL. PPIH may also play a role in modulating the immune microenvironment, contributing to poor prognosis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-89567edf9cf04aaf838d0a4b8b1fc6ad |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2407 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Cancer |
| spelling | doaj-art-89567edf9cf04aaf838d0a4b8b1fc6ad2025-02-09T12:41:43ZengBMCBMC Cancer1471-24072025-02-0125111210.1186/s12885-025-13607-0PPIH is a novel diagnostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinomaJun Ye0Zhitao Chen1Chuan Zhang2Rui Xie3Haini Chen4Peng Ren5Precision Medical Laboratory Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityChengdu Gaoxin -Daan Medical Laboratory Co., LtdPrecision Medical Laboratory Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityAbstract Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) is the second most common primary liver malignancy, characterized by high aggressiveness and heterogeneity. It is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. Although Peptidyl Proline Isomerase H (PPIH) has been implicated in various tumors, its role in CHOL remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value and potential function of PPIH in CHOL. Methods We analyzed the expression levels, prognostic significance, and diagnostic efficiency of PPIH in CHOL using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, coupled with gene enrichment analyses. The CIBERSORT database was employed to assess the correlation between PPIH expression and immune cell infiltration in CHOL. Additionally, immunohistochemical experiments were conducted to validate PPIH expression levels in CHOL tissues and to explore its correlation with TP53 gene mutations. Results Our findings indicate that overexpression of PPIH mRNA in CHOL is associated with poor prognosis, with increased PPIH protein levels observed in CHOL tissues. Furthermore, PPIH expression showed a positive correlation with TP53 mutations. PPIH demonstrated strong diagnostic value for CHOL. Moreover, PPIH may influence tumor progression through its involvement in cell cycle regulation and spliceosome pathways, and is associated with immune cell infiltration levels. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that PPIH is a potential novel biomarker with significant diagnostic value for patients with CHOL. PPIH may also play a role in modulating the immune microenvironment, contributing to poor prognosis.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13607-0PPIHCholangiocarcinomaBiomarkerDiagnosisImmune invasion |
| spellingShingle | Jun Ye Zhitao Chen Chuan Zhang Rui Xie Haini Chen Peng Ren PPIH is a novel diagnostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinoma BMC Cancer PPIH Cholangiocarcinoma Biomarker Diagnosis Immune invasion |
| title | PPIH is a novel diagnostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinoma |
| title_full | PPIH is a novel diagnostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinoma |
| title_fullStr | PPIH is a novel diagnostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | PPIH is a novel diagnostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinoma |
| title_short | PPIH is a novel diagnostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinoma |
| title_sort | ppih is a novel diagnostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinoma |
| topic | PPIH Cholangiocarcinoma Biomarker Diagnosis Immune invasion |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13607-0 |
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