Traffic safety evaluation using surrogate safety measures in the context of Indian mixed traffic: A critical review

The concern over road safety has increased in the last several decades, especially in developing countries like India. Even with increasing road accidents, crash data at a particular location is mostly underreported. Hence, using the Traffic Conflict Technique (TCT) with Surrogate Safety Measures (S...

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Main Authors: N. Mohamed Hasain, Mokaddes Ali Ahmed
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-07-01
Series:IATSS Research
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0386111225000184
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author N. Mohamed Hasain
Mokaddes Ali Ahmed
author_facet N. Mohamed Hasain
Mokaddes Ali Ahmed
author_sort N. Mohamed Hasain
collection DOAJ
description The concern over road safety has increased in the last several decades, especially in developing countries like India. Even with increasing road accidents, crash data at a particular location is mostly underreported. Hence, using the Traffic Conflict Technique (TCT) with Surrogate Safety Measures (SSMs) to evaluate traffic safety instead of accident data has gained significant attention among researchers in India. However, the traffic existing in the country is more complex and diverse than most of the developed nations around the world. This led the researchers to modify the existing methods and propose new methods to address the heterogeneity of the existing mixed traffic. The current study formulated six research questions to guide the review process. Since the number of studies in the area of research is increasing rapidly, there is a need to study the current state of the art in the country. Hence, the paper critically reviewed thirty-three studies conducted in the area of research in Indian conditions, including their findings and limitations. Further, an overview of sixteen commonly used SSMs worldwide was presented, along with some potential research gaps and recommendations.
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spelling doaj-art-893b9d88d5304d04b6fabf0fe8d0ac712025-08-20T03:29:03ZengElsevierIATSS Research0386-11122025-07-0149220121910.1016/j.iatssr.2025.04.004Traffic safety evaluation using surrogate safety measures in the context of Indian mixed traffic: A critical reviewN. Mohamed Hasain0Mokaddes Ali Ahmed1Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India; Corresponding author.Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar, Assam 788010, IndiaThe concern over road safety has increased in the last several decades, especially in developing countries like India. Even with increasing road accidents, crash data at a particular location is mostly underreported. Hence, using the Traffic Conflict Technique (TCT) with Surrogate Safety Measures (SSMs) to evaluate traffic safety instead of accident data has gained significant attention among researchers in India. However, the traffic existing in the country is more complex and diverse than most of the developed nations around the world. This led the researchers to modify the existing methods and propose new methods to address the heterogeneity of the existing mixed traffic. The current study formulated six research questions to guide the review process. Since the number of studies in the area of research is increasing rapidly, there is a need to study the current state of the art in the country. Hence, the paper critically reviewed thirty-three studies conducted in the area of research in Indian conditions, including their findings and limitations. Further, an overview of sixteen commonly used SSMs worldwide was presented, along with some potential research gaps and recommendations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0386111225000184Traffic Conflict TechniqueProactive safety assessmentState of the artHeterogeneous trafficLimitations
spellingShingle N. Mohamed Hasain
Mokaddes Ali Ahmed
Traffic safety evaluation using surrogate safety measures in the context of Indian mixed traffic: A critical review
IATSS Research
Traffic Conflict Technique
Proactive safety assessment
State of the art
Heterogeneous traffic
Limitations
title Traffic safety evaluation using surrogate safety measures in the context of Indian mixed traffic: A critical review
title_full Traffic safety evaluation using surrogate safety measures in the context of Indian mixed traffic: A critical review
title_fullStr Traffic safety evaluation using surrogate safety measures in the context of Indian mixed traffic: A critical review
title_full_unstemmed Traffic safety evaluation using surrogate safety measures in the context of Indian mixed traffic: A critical review
title_short Traffic safety evaluation using surrogate safety measures in the context of Indian mixed traffic: A critical review
title_sort traffic safety evaluation using surrogate safety measures in the context of indian mixed traffic a critical review
topic Traffic Conflict Technique
Proactive safety assessment
State of the art
Heterogeneous traffic
Limitations
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0386111225000184
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