Oncolytic Virotherapies and Adjuvant Gut Microbiome Therapeutics to Enhance Efficacy Against Malignant Gliomas
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant brain tumor. Current standard-of-care treatments offer limited benefits for patient survival. Virotherapy is emerging as a novel strategy to use oncolytic viruses (OVs) for the treatment of GBM. These engineered and non-engineered viruses infect and...
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| Format: | Article |
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2024-11-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/11/1775 |
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| author | Natalie M. Meléndez-Vázquez Candelaria Gomez-Manzano Filipa Godoy-Vitorino |
| author_facet | Natalie M. Meléndez-Vázquez Candelaria Gomez-Manzano Filipa Godoy-Vitorino |
| author_sort | Natalie M. Meléndez-Vázquez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant brain tumor. Current standard-of-care treatments offer limited benefits for patient survival. Virotherapy is emerging as a novel strategy to use oncolytic viruses (OVs) for the treatment of GBM. These engineered and non-engineered viruses infect and lyse cancer cells, causing tumor destruction without harming healthy cells. Recent advances in genetic modifications to OVs have helped improve their targeting capabilities and introduce therapeutic genes, broadening the therapeutic window and minimizing potential side effects. The efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy can be enhanced by combining it with other treatments such as immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or radiation. Recent studies suggest that manipulating the gut microbiome to enhance immune responses helps improve the therapeutic efficacy of the OVs. This narrative review intends to explore OVs and their role against solid tumors, especially GBM while emphasizing the latest technologies used to enhance and improve its therapeutic and clinical responses. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-88f00ba602f94a8c850e3ee79b14dab6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-88f00ba602f94a8c850e3ee79b14dab62024-11-26T18:25:37ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152024-11-011611177510.3390/v16111775Oncolytic Virotherapies and Adjuvant Gut Microbiome Therapeutics to Enhance Efficacy Against Malignant GliomasNatalie M. Meléndez-Vázquez0Candelaria Gomez-Manzano1Filipa Godoy-Vitorino2Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00918, USADepartment of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00918, USAGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant brain tumor. Current standard-of-care treatments offer limited benefits for patient survival. Virotherapy is emerging as a novel strategy to use oncolytic viruses (OVs) for the treatment of GBM. These engineered and non-engineered viruses infect and lyse cancer cells, causing tumor destruction without harming healthy cells. Recent advances in genetic modifications to OVs have helped improve their targeting capabilities and introduce therapeutic genes, broadening the therapeutic window and minimizing potential side effects. The efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy can be enhanced by combining it with other treatments such as immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or radiation. Recent studies suggest that manipulating the gut microbiome to enhance immune responses helps improve the therapeutic efficacy of the OVs. This narrative review intends to explore OVs and their role against solid tumors, especially GBM while emphasizing the latest technologies used to enhance and improve its therapeutic and clinical responses.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/11/1775viroimmunotherapytherapeutic efficacygut microbiomeglioblastomacombinatory therapies |
| spellingShingle | Natalie M. Meléndez-Vázquez Candelaria Gomez-Manzano Filipa Godoy-Vitorino Oncolytic Virotherapies and Adjuvant Gut Microbiome Therapeutics to Enhance Efficacy Against Malignant Gliomas Viruses viroimmunotherapy therapeutic efficacy gut microbiome glioblastoma combinatory therapies |
| title | Oncolytic Virotherapies and Adjuvant Gut Microbiome Therapeutics to Enhance Efficacy Against Malignant Gliomas |
| title_full | Oncolytic Virotherapies and Adjuvant Gut Microbiome Therapeutics to Enhance Efficacy Against Malignant Gliomas |
| title_fullStr | Oncolytic Virotherapies and Adjuvant Gut Microbiome Therapeutics to Enhance Efficacy Against Malignant Gliomas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oncolytic Virotherapies and Adjuvant Gut Microbiome Therapeutics to Enhance Efficacy Against Malignant Gliomas |
| title_short | Oncolytic Virotherapies and Adjuvant Gut Microbiome Therapeutics to Enhance Efficacy Against Malignant Gliomas |
| title_sort | oncolytic virotherapies and adjuvant gut microbiome therapeutics to enhance efficacy against malignant gliomas |
| topic | viroimmunotherapy therapeutic efficacy gut microbiome glioblastoma combinatory therapies |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/11/1775 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nataliemmelendezvazquez oncolyticvirotherapiesandadjuvantgutmicrobiometherapeuticstoenhanceefficacyagainstmalignantgliomas AT candelariagomezmanzano oncolyticvirotherapiesandadjuvantgutmicrobiometherapeuticstoenhanceefficacyagainstmalignantgliomas AT filipagodoyvitorino oncolyticvirotherapiesandadjuvantgutmicrobiometherapeuticstoenhanceefficacyagainstmalignantgliomas |