Speech recognition in noise across the life span with cognition and hearing sensitivity as mediators of age effects

Abstract Speech perception in noise relies on both sensory and cognitive systems and is known to decline with age. However, little is known about when this decline begins and how hearing sensitivity and cognition contribute across the lifespan. This study examined 357 Hebrew-speaking participants ag...

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Main Authors: Yossi Bugannim, Ilan Roziner, Liat Kishon-Rabin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05882-5
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author Yossi Bugannim
Ilan Roziner
Liat Kishon-Rabin
author_facet Yossi Bugannim
Ilan Roziner
Liat Kishon-Rabin
author_sort Yossi Bugannim
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Speech perception in noise relies on both sensory and cognitive systems and is known to decline with age. However, little is known about when this decline begins and how hearing sensitivity and cognition contribute across the lifespan. This study examined 357 Hebrew-speaking participants aged 7–90 years with clinically normal or age-appropriate hearing, using adaptive sentence-in-noise testing alongside measures of auditory working memory and processing speed. Results revealed a U-shaped pattern of speech reception thresholds in noise (SRTn), with peak performance in the late 30s. Polynomial modeling showed that hearing sensitivity (PTA4) begins to deteriorate around age 17 years, while cognitive abilities declined later—between ages 32–38 years (depending on the task)—coinciding with the inflection point in speech perception. Structural equation modeling (SEM) confirmed that cognitive and auditory factors mediate the relationship between age and SRTn, explaining 61% of the variance. These findings extend the interpretation of the Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model to a broad age range of clinically normal and age-appropriate hearing individuals and contribute a developmental perspective by demonstrating how age-related changes in cognition reshape speech perception strategies even in the absence of peripheral hearing loss. Implications include the need for cognitive-informed approaches in audiological research and intervention throughout the lifespan.
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spelling doaj-art-88e182fbc3c849c18bd1cfb275fa7b8c2025-08-20T03:45:26ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111810.1038/s41598-025-05882-5Speech recognition in noise across the life span with cognition and hearing sensitivity as mediators of age effectsYossi Bugannim0Ilan Roziner1Liat Kishon-Rabin2The Department of Communication Disorders, Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv UniversityThe Department of Communication Disorders, Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv UniversityThe Department of Communication Disorders, Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv UniversityAbstract Speech perception in noise relies on both sensory and cognitive systems and is known to decline with age. However, little is known about when this decline begins and how hearing sensitivity and cognition contribute across the lifespan. This study examined 357 Hebrew-speaking participants aged 7–90 years with clinically normal or age-appropriate hearing, using adaptive sentence-in-noise testing alongside measures of auditory working memory and processing speed. Results revealed a U-shaped pattern of speech reception thresholds in noise (SRTn), with peak performance in the late 30s. Polynomial modeling showed that hearing sensitivity (PTA4) begins to deteriorate around age 17 years, while cognitive abilities declined later—between ages 32–38 years (depending on the task)—coinciding with the inflection point in speech perception. Structural equation modeling (SEM) confirmed that cognitive and auditory factors mediate the relationship between age and SRTn, explaining 61% of the variance. These findings extend the interpretation of the Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model to a broad age range of clinically normal and age-appropriate hearing individuals and contribute a developmental perspective by demonstrating how age-related changes in cognition reshape speech perception strategies even in the absence of peripheral hearing loss. Implications include the need for cognitive-informed approaches in audiological research and intervention throughout the lifespan.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05882-5
spellingShingle Yossi Bugannim
Ilan Roziner
Liat Kishon-Rabin
Speech recognition in noise across the life span with cognition and hearing sensitivity as mediators of age effects
Scientific Reports
title Speech recognition in noise across the life span with cognition and hearing sensitivity as mediators of age effects
title_full Speech recognition in noise across the life span with cognition and hearing sensitivity as mediators of age effects
title_fullStr Speech recognition in noise across the life span with cognition and hearing sensitivity as mediators of age effects
title_full_unstemmed Speech recognition in noise across the life span with cognition and hearing sensitivity as mediators of age effects
title_short Speech recognition in noise across the life span with cognition and hearing sensitivity as mediators of age effects
title_sort speech recognition in noise across the life span with cognition and hearing sensitivity as mediators of age effects
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05882-5
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AT liatkishonrabin speechrecognitioninnoiseacrossthelifespanwithcognitionandhearingsensitivityasmediatorsofageeffects