Effects of game design characteristics of a virtual reality serious game for upper-limb prosthesis control training on motor learning

IntroductionRehabilitation outcomes of hand prosthesis control training generally benefit from an early start in the rehabilitation regimen as well as the use of modern technologies, like serious games, in lieu of more conventional methods. In this study, we tested a virtual reality based myoelectri...

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Main Authors: Jack Tchimino, Bart Maas, Bram van Dijk, Alessio Murgia, Corry K. van der Sluis, Raoul M. Bongers
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fresc.2025.1520184/full
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author Jack Tchimino
Bart Maas
Bram van Dijk
Alessio Murgia
Corry K. van der Sluis
Raoul M. Bongers
author_facet Jack Tchimino
Bart Maas
Bram van Dijk
Alessio Murgia
Corry K. van der Sluis
Raoul M. Bongers
author_sort Jack Tchimino
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionRehabilitation outcomes of hand prosthesis control training generally benefit from an early start in the rehabilitation regimen as well as the use of modern technologies, like serious games, in lieu of more conventional methods. In this study, we tested a virtual reality based myoelectric prosthesis training serious game, specifically how the game design elements affected different aspects of motor control and training.MethodsTen able-bodied participants were asked to execute a series of tasks by controlling an LDA-controlled 1-DoF virtual hand prosthesis within a virtual reality environment (VRE) serious game. The tasks included grasping and manipulating virtual objects and controlled force modulation, the latter facilitated by artificial feedback communicated to participants in the VRE.ResultsThe results indicated that the game physics affected the way that the participants completed the tasks, while the tasks themselves appeared to be approached and executed in different ways by the participants. Contrary to expectations, however, the force feedback did not influence the participants' ability to precisely modulate the grasping force applied with the virtual prosthesis.DiscussionBased on these results, it can be concluded that users can be trained within the proposed framework to develop motor skills that might be translated into the use of a real prosthesis, in a more engaging and timely manner.
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spelling doaj-art-88b8a75cd08343808cc4788d8d579e7b2025-08-20T02:07:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences2673-68612025-06-01610.3389/fresc.2025.15201841520184Effects of game design characteristics of a virtual reality serious game for upper-limb prosthesis control training on motor learningJack Tchimino0Bart Maas1Bram van Dijk2Alessio Murgia3Corry K. van der Sluis4Raoul M. Bongers5Department of Human Movement Science, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Human Movement Science, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Human Movement Science, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Human Movement Science, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Human Movement Science, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsIntroductionRehabilitation outcomes of hand prosthesis control training generally benefit from an early start in the rehabilitation regimen as well as the use of modern technologies, like serious games, in lieu of more conventional methods. In this study, we tested a virtual reality based myoelectric prosthesis training serious game, specifically how the game design elements affected different aspects of motor control and training.MethodsTen able-bodied participants were asked to execute a series of tasks by controlling an LDA-controlled 1-DoF virtual hand prosthesis within a virtual reality environment (VRE) serious game. The tasks included grasping and manipulating virtual objects and controlled force modulation, the latter facilitated by artificial feedback communicated to participants in the VRE.ResultsThe results indicated that the game physics affected the way that the participants completed the tasks, while the tasks themselves appeared to be approached and executed in different ways by the participants. Contrary to expectations, however, the force feedback did not influence the participants' ability to precisely modulate the grasping force applied with the virtual prosthesis.DiscussionBased on these results, it can be concluded that users can be trained within the proposed framework to develop motor skills that might be translated into the use of a real prosthesis, in a more engaging and timely manner.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fresc.2025.1520184/fullprosthesis trainingprosthesis controlEMG controlvirtual realityserious gamesmotor rehabilitation
spellingShingle Jack Tchimino
Bart Maas
Bram van Dijk
Alessio Murgia
Corry K. van der Sluis
Raoul M. Bongers
Effects of game design characteristics of a virtual reality serious game for upper-limb prosthesis control training on motor learning
Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences
prosthesis training
prosthesis control
EMG control
virtual reality
serious games
motor rehabilitation
title Effects of game design characteristics of a virtual reality serious game for upper-limb prosthesis control training on motor learning
title_full Effects of game design characteristics of a virtual reality serious game for upper-limb prosthesis control training on motor learning
title_fullStr Effects of game design characteristics of a virtual reality serious game for upper-limb prosthesis control training on motor learning
title_full_unstemmed Effects of game design characteristics of a virtual reality serious game for upper-limb prosthesis control training on motor learning
title_short Effects of game design characteristics of a virtual reality serious game for upper-limb prosthesis control training on motor learning
title_sort effects of game design characteristics of a virtual reality serious game for upper limb prosthesis control training on motor learning
topic prosthesis training
prosthesis control
EMG control
virtual reality
serious games
motor rehabilitation
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fresc.2025.1520184/full
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