Three-dimensional automated measurements of femoral angles for the preoperative planning in dogs with patellar luxation

ObjectivesTo report the surgical outcomes of treating patellar luxation (PL) in dogs with surgical planning based on three-dimensional (3D) automated measurement of femoral angles.Study designMulticenter retrospective study.MethodsForty-one dogs with PL underwent preoperative computed tomography (CT...

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Main Authors: Federico Longo, Sebastian Knell, Tommaso Nicetto, Gianpaolo Savio, Antonio Pozzi, Maurizio Isola
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2024-11-01
Series:Frontiers in Veterinary Science
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1456508/full
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author Federico Longo
Sebastian Knell
Tommaso Nicetto
Gianpaolo Savio
Antonio Pozzi
Maurizio Isola
author_facet Federico Longo
Sebastian Knell
Tommaso Nicetto
Gianpaolo Savio
Antonio Pozzi
Maurizio Isola
author_sort Federico Longo
collection DOAJ
description ObjectivesTo report the surgical outcomes of treating patellar luxation (PL) in dogs with surgical planning based on three-dimensional (3D) automated measurement of femoral angles.Study designMulticenter retrospective study.MethodsForty-one dogs with PL underwent preoperative computed tomography (CT). Three-dimensional femur models were exported as stereolithographic files, and imported into computer-aided design (CAD) software where 3D measurements were performed. The anatomical laterodistal femoral (aLDFA), femoral neck (FNA), and femoral torsion (FTA) angles were recorded. Surgical records, complications, radiographic femoral postoperative alignment, preoperative and postoperative lameness evaluation, and patellar position were reviewed. The success of the surgical outcome was based on the presence of normal patellar tracking at the last clinical recheck.ResultsForty-seven limbs were included; 46% of the cases (22/47) were affected by grade 3 PL. Mean (±SD) 3D aLDFA, FNA, and FTA measurements were 101.4° (±3.6), 132.5° (±2.6), and 17.6° (±4.3) in dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL) and 89.3° (±7.6), 134.8° (±2.9), 36.9° (±5.3) with lateral patellar luxation (LPL), respectively. Based on the 3D preoperative planning, corrective osteotomies were performed in 34 of 47 cases. The mean radiographic follow-up was 4.7 months. At the final follow-up, PL was successfully treated in 45 of 47 cases. Patella reluxated in five cases. In three of five cases, the 3D automated plan was not followed by the surgeon.DiscussionSurgical treatment of PL based on 3D femoral measurements successfully corrected PL in 45 of 47 cases (96%). This is the first study reporting the use of 3D automated femoral angle measurement in clinical cases affected by PL.
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spelling doaj-art-889d7e4227f84f6b941a4fdfd993d2292025-08-20T02:14:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692024-11-011110.3389/fvets.2024.14565081456508Three-dimensional automated measurements of femoral angles for the preoperative planning in dogs with patellar luxationFederico Longo0Sebastian Knell1Tommaso Nicetto2Gianpaolo Savio3Antonio Pozzi4Maurizio Isola5Department of Small Animal Surgery, University of Zurich, Zürich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Small Animal Surgery, University of Zurich, Zürich, SwitzerlandPedrani Veterinary Clinic, Zugliano, ItalyDepartment of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, ItalyDepartment of Small Animal Surgery, University of Zurich, Zürich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Small Animal Surgery, University of Padua, Padua, ItalyObjectivesTo report the surgical outcomes of treating patellar luxation (PL) in dogs with surgical planning based on three-dimensional (3D) automated measurement of femoral angles.Study designMulticenter retrospective study.MethodsForty-one dogs with PL underwent preoperative computed tomography (CT). Three-dimensional femur models were exported as stereolithographic files, and imported into computer-aided design (CAD) software where 3D measurements were performed. The anatomical laterodistal femoral (aLDFA), femoral neck (FNA), and femoral torsion (FTA) angles were recorded. Surgical records, complications, radiographic femoral postoperative alignment, preoperative and postoperative lameness evaluation, and patellar position were reviewed. The success of the surgical outcome was based on the presence of normal patellar tracking at the last clinical recheck.ResultsForty-seven limbs were included; 46% of the cases (22/47) were affected by grade 3 PL. Mean (±SD) 3D aLDFA, FNA, and FTA measurements were 101.4° (±3.6), 132.5° (±2.6), and 17.6° (±4.3) in dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL) and 89.3° (±7.6), 134.8° (±2.9), 36.9° (±5.3) with lateral patellar luxation (LPL), respectively. Based on the 3D preoperative planning, corrective osteotomies were performed in 34 of 47 cases. The mean radiographic follow-up was 4.7 months. At the final follow-up, PL was successfully treated in 45 of 47 cases. Patella reluxated in five cases. In three of five cases, the 3D automated plan was not followed by the surgeon.DiscussionSurgical treatment of PL based on 3D femoral measurements successfully corrected PL in 45 of 47 cases (96%). This is the first study reporting the use of 3D automated femoral angle measurement in clinical cases affected by PL.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1456508/full3D computationfemurdogpatellar luxationlimb deformities
spellingShingle Federico Longo
Sebastian Knell
Tommaso Nicetto
Gianpaolo Savio
Antonio Pozzi
Maurizio Isola
Three-dimensional automated measurements of femoral angles for the preoperative planning in dogs with patellar luxation
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
3D computation
femur
dog
patellar luxation
limb deformities
title Three-dimensional automated measurements of femoral angles for the preoperative planning in dogs with patellar luxation
title_full Three-dimensional automated measurements of femoral angles for the preoperative planning in dogs with patellar luxation
title_fullStr Three-dimensional automated measurements of femoral angles for the preoperative planning in dogs with patellar luxation
title_full_unstemmed Three-dimensional automated measurements of femoral angles for the preoperative planning in dogs with patellar luxation
title_short Three-dimensional automated measurements of femoral angles for the preoperative planning in dogs with patellar luxation
title_sort three dimensional automated measurements of femoral angles for the preoperative planning in dogs with patellar luxation
topic 3D computation
femur
dog
patellar luxation
limb deformities
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1456508/full
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