Single-cell RNA sequencing technology was employed to construct a risk prediction model for genes associated with pyroptosis and ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma

Abstract Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, and its mortality rate remains high. As a programmed cell death mode closely related to inflammation, pyroptosis has been found to play an important regulatory role in the tumor immune mi...

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Main Authors: Longfei Ji, Binyu Wang, Danfei Shi, Weiyun Shen, Xinmin Li, Yong Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Respiratory Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-025-03323-5
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author Longfei Ji
Binyu Wang
Danfei Shi
Weiyun Shen
Xinmin Li
Yong Li
author_facet Longfei Ji
Binyu Wang
Danfei Shi
Weiyun Shen
Xinmin Li
Yong Li
author_sort Longfei Ji
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, and its mortality rate remains high. As a programmed cell death mode closely related to inflammation, pyroptosis has been found to play an important regulatory role in the tumor immune microenvironment and tumor progression in recent years. However, the characteristics and prognostic value of apoptosis in different cell types in LUAD have not been systematically elucidated. Method This study integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq), bulk transcriptome data, and clinical information to comprehensively analyze the expression patterns and functional roles of pyroptosis related genes (PRGs) in LUAD. We conducted high-resolution clustering analysis on the GSE189357 single-cell dataset, constructed a protein interaction network, and established a prognostic model in conjunction with iron death related genes. Experimental validation of key genes through RNA sequencing and qPCR. Result This study identified 17 different cell types, among which the pyroptosis activity of myeloid dendritic cells and neutrophils was significantly increased. Differentially expressed PRGs are enriched in immune related pathways, such as inflammasome assembly and NOD like receptor signaling pathways. The seven gene prognostic model we constructed (CXCL2, SLC7A5, CAV1, IFNG, EPAS1, TNFAIP3, CYBB) can effectively distinguish high-risk LUAD patients. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the IL-17 signaling pathway is active in high-risk populations, suggesting that apoptosis may promote the progression of LUAD through immune dysfunction. Immune infiltration and pseudo time trajectory analysis further reveal the close correlation between PRGs expression and the dynamic state of immune cells. RNA sequencing and qPCR confirmed the differential expression of core genes in tumor tissues. Conclusion This study developed a single-cell atlas of pyroptosis in LUAD and identified prognostic biomarkers with potential translational value. Our findings reveal the interaction mechanism between pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and tumor immunity, providing new ideas and targets for precise treatment of LUAD.
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spelling doaj-art-88413da7f3034e9a8cc7635aa52683c72025-08-20T04:03:02ZengBMCRespiratory Research1465-993X2025-07-0126111810.1186/s12931-025-03323-5Single-cell RNA sequencing technology was employed to construct a risk prediction model for genes associated with pyroptosis and ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinomaLongfei Ji0Binyu Wang1Danfei Shi2Weiyun Shen3Xinmin Li4Yong Li5Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou UniversityDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou UniversityDepartment of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou UniversityCentral Laboratory, Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou UniversityDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou UniversityAbstract Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, and its mortality rate remains high. As a programmed cell death mode closely related to inflammation, pyroptosis has been found to play an important regulatory role in the tumor immune microenvironment and tumor progression in recent years. However, the characteristics and prognostic value of apoptosis in different cell types in LUAD have not been systematically elucidated. Method This study integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq), bulk transcriptome data, and clinical information to comprehensively analyze the expression patterns and functional roles of pyroptosis related genes (PRGs) in LUAD. We conducted high-resolution clustering analysis on the GSE189357 single-cell dataset, constructed a protein interaction network, and established a prognostic model in conjunction with iron death related genes. Experimental validation of key genes through RNA sequencing and qPCR. Result This study identified 17 different cell types, among which the pyroptosis activity of myeloid dendritic cells and neutrophils was significantly increased. Differentially expressed PRGs are enriched in immune related pathways, such as inflammasome assembly and NOD like receptor signaling pathways. The seven gene prognostic model we constructed (CXCL2, SLC7A5, CAV1, IFNG, EPAS1, TNFAIP3, CYBB) can effectively distinguish high-risk LUAD patients. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the IL-17 signaling pathway is active in high-risk populations, suggesting that apoptosis may promote the progression of LUAD through immune dysfunction. Immune infiltration and pseudo time trajectory analysis further reveal the close correlation between PRGs expression and the dynamic state of immune cells. RNA sequencing and qPCR confirmed the differential expression of core genes in tumor tissues. Conclusion This study developed a single-cell atlas of pyroptosis in LUAD and identified prognostic biomarkers with potential translational value. Our findings reveal the interaction mechanism between pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and tumor immunity, providing new ideas and targets for precise treatment of LUAD.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-025-03323-5Lung adenocarcinomaPyroptosisSingle-cell RNA sequencingFerroptosisPrognostic modelTumor immune microenvironment
spellingShingle Longfei Ji
Binyu Wang
Danfei Shi
Weiyun Shen
Xinmin Li
Yong Li
Single-cell RNA sequencing technology was employed to construct a risk prediction model for genes associated with pyroptosis and ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma
Respiratory Research
Lung adenocarcinoma
Pyroptosis
Single-cell RNA sequencing
Ferroptosis
Prognostic model
Tumor immune microenvironment
title Single-cell RNA sequencing technology was employed to construct a risk prediction model for genes associated with pyroptosis and ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma
title_full Single-cell RNA sequencing technology was employed to construct a risk prediction model for genes associated with pyroptosis and ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma
title_fullStr Single-cell RNA sequencing technology was employed to construct a risk prediction model for genes associated with pyroptosis and ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma
title_full_unstemmed Single-cell RNA sequencing technology was employed to construct a risk prediction model for genes associated with pyroptosis and ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma
title_short Single-cell RNA sequencing technology was employed to construct a risk prediction model for genes associated with pyroptosis and ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma
title_sort single cell rna sequencing technology was employed to construct a risk prediction model for genes associated with pyroptosis and ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma
topic Lung adenocarcinoma
Pyroptosis
Single-cell RNA sequencing
Ferroptosis
Prognostic model
Tumor immune microenvironment
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-025-03323-5
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