An In Vitro Evaluation of Industrial Hemp Extracts Against the Phytopathogenic Bacteria <i>Erwinia carotovora</i>, <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i>

Pests and diseases have caused significant problems since the domestication of crops, resulting in economic loss and hunger. To overcome these problems, synthetic pesticides were developed to control pests; however, there are significant detrimental side effects of synthetic pesticides on the enviro...

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Main Authors: Getrude G. Kanyairita, Desmond G. Mortley, Willard E. Collier, Sheritta Fagbodun, Jamila M. Mweta, Hilarie Uwamahoro, Le’Shaun T. Dowell, Mwamba F. Mukuka
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Molecules
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/24/5902
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author Getrude G. Kanyairita
Desmond G. Mortley
Willard E. Collier
Sheritta Fagbodun
Jamila M. Mweta
Hilarie Uwamahoro
Le’Shaun T. Dowell
Mwamba F. Mukuka
author_facet Getrude G. Kanyairita
Desmond G. Mortley
Willard E. Collier
Sheritta Fagbodun
Jamila M. Mweta
Hilarie Uwamahoro
Le’Shaun T. Dowell
Mwamba F. Mukuka
author_sort Getrude G. Kanyairita
collection DOAJ
description Pests and diseases have caused significant problems since the domestication of crops, resulting in economic loss and hunger. To overcome these problems, synthetic pesticides were developed to control pests; however, there are significant detrimental side effects of synthetic pesticides on the environment and human health. There is an urgent need to develop safer and more sustainable pesticides. Industrial hemp is a reservoir of compounds that could potentially replace some synthetic bactericides, fungicides, and insecticides. We determined the efficacy of industrial hemp extracts against <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i> (PSTA), <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i> (PSTO), and <i>Erwinia carotovora</i> (EC). The study revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.05 mg/mL and a non-inhibitory concentration (NIC) of 1.2 mg/mL for PSTA, an MIC of 5.7 mg/mL and NIC of 0.66 mg/mL for PSTO, and an MIC of 12.04 mg/mL and NIC of 5.4 mg/mL for EC. Time-kill assays indicated the regrowth of <i>E. carotovora</i> at 4 × MIC after 15 h and <i>P. syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i> at 2 × MIC after 20 h; however, <i>P. syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i> had no regrowth. The susceptibility of test bacteria to hemp extract can be ordered from the most susceptible to the least susceptible, as follows: <i>P. syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i> > <i>P. syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i> > <i>E. carotovora</i>. Overall, the data indicate hemp extract is a potential source of sustainable and safe biopesticides against these major plant pathogens.
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spelling doaj-art-8824f187b9e640d3b0932db6dbee3beb2025-08-20T02:51:07ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492024-12-012924590210.3390/molecules29245902An In Vitro Evaluation of Industrial Hemp Extracts Against the Phytopathogenic Bacteria <i>Erwinia carotovora</i>, <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i>Getrude G. Kanyairita0Desmond G. Mortley1Willard E. Collier2Sheritta Fagbodun3Jamila M. Mweta4Hilarie Uwamahoro5Le’Shaun T. Dowell6Mwamba F. Mukuka7Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USADepartment of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USADepartment of Chemistry, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USADepartment of Biology, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USADepartment of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USADepartment of Chemistry, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, USADepartment of Mathematics & Computer Science, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USADepartment of Mathematics & Computer Science, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USAPests and diseases have caused significant problems since the domestication of crops, resulting in economic loss and hunger. To overcome these problems, synthetic pesticides were developed to control pests; however, there are significant detrimental side effects of synthetic pesticides on the environment and human health. There is an urgent need to develop safer and more sustainable pesticides. Industrial hemp is a reservoir of compounds that could potentially replace some synthetic bactericides, fungicides, and insecticides. We determined the efficacy of industrial hemp extracts against <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i> (PSTA), <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i> (PSTO), and <i>Erwinia carotovora</i> (EC). The study revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.05 mg/mL and a non-inhibitory concentration (NIC) of 1.2 mg/mL for PSTA, an MIC of 5.7 mg/mL and NIC of 0.66 mg/mL for PSTO, and an MIC of 12.04 mg/mL and NIC of 5.4 mg/mL for EC. Time-kill assays indicated the regrowth of <i>E. carotovora</i> at 4 × MIC after 15 h and <i>P. syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i> at 2 × MIC after 20 h; however, <i>P. syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i> had no regrowth. The susceptibility of test bacteria to hemp extract can be ordered from the most susceptible to the least susceptible, as follows: <i>P. syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i> > <i>P. syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i> > <i>E. carotovora</i>. Overall, the data indicate hemp extract is a potential source of sustainable and safe biopesticides against these major plant pathogens.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/24/5902hemp extractErwinia carotovora<i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv<i>. tomato</i><i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv<i>. tabaci</i>antimicrobialminimum inhibitory concentration
spellingShingle Getrude G. Kanyairita
Desmond G. Mortley
Willard E. Collier
Sheritta Fagbodun
Jamila M. Mweta
Hilarie Uwamahoro
Le’Shaun T. Dowell
Mwamba F. Mukuka
An In Vitro Evaluation of Industrial Hemp Extracts Against the Phytopathogenic Bacteria <i>Erwinia carotovora</i>, <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i>
Molecules
hemp extract
Erwinia carotovora
<i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv<i>. tomato</i>
<i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv<i>. tabaci</i>
antimicrobial
minimum inhibitory concentration
title An In Vitro Evaluation of Industrial Hemp Extracts Against the Phytopathogenic Bacteria <i>Erwinia carotovora</i>, <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i>
title_full An In Vitro Evaluation of Industrial Hemp Extracts Against the Phytopathogenic Bacteria <i>Erwinia carotovora</i>, <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i>
title_fullStr An In Vitro Evaluation of Industrial Hemp Extracts Against the Phytopathogenic Bacteria <i>Erwinia carotovora</i>, <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i>
title_full_unstemmed An In Vitro Evaluation of Industrial Hemp Extracts Against the Phytopathogenic Bacteria <i>Erwinia carotovora</i>, <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i>
title_short An In Vitro Evaluation of Industrial Hemp Extracts Against the Phytopathogenic Bacteria <i>Erwinia carotovora</i>, <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tomato</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>tabaci</i>
title_sort in vitro evaluation of industrial hemp extracts against the phytopathogenic bacteria i erwinia carotovora i i pseudomonas syringae i pv i tomato i and i pseudomonas syringae i pv i tabaci i
topic hemp extract
Erwinia carotovora
<i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv<i>. tomato</i>
<i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv<i>. tabaci</i>
antimicrobial
minimum inhibitory concentration
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/24/5902
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