Pneumococcal carriage in a large Sicilian sample population: impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategies
IntroductionStreptococcus pneumoniae is a prevalent and virulent global pathogen, with colonization being considered a precondition for pneumococcal disease. Understanding colonization is critical for gaining insights into transmission dynamics and developing effective interventions. This study aime...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1467320/full |
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| author | Emanuele Amodio Fabio Tramuto Fabio Tramuto Valerio De Francisci Dario Genovese Valeria Guzzetta Vincenzo Pisciotta Arianna Santino Giulia Randazzo Giulio Trapani Giuseppe Vella Francesco Vitale Francesco Vitale |
| author_facet | Emanuele Amodio Fabio Tramuto Fabio Tramuto Valerio De Francisci Dario Genovese Valeria Guzzetta Vincenzo Pisciotta Arianna Santino Giulia Randazzo Giulio Trapani Giuseppe Vella Francesco Vitale Francesco Vitale |
| author_sort | Emanuele Amodio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionStreptococcus pneumoniae is a prevalent and virulent global pathogen, with colonization being considered a precondition for pneumococcal disease. Understanding colonization is critical for gaining insights into transmission dynamics and developing effective interventions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization and serotype distribution in the Sicilian population.MethodsObservational study randomly selecting samples belonging to Sicilian individuals whose nasopharyngeal swabs were collected between February 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022. Pneumococcal colonization was determined using PCR for the pneumococcal autolysin (LytA) gene, and positive samples were serotyped.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 1,196 individuals, with 17.4% testing positive for the LytA gene. Pneumococcal colonization rates fell from birth to 24 years, with a peak in 0-4-year-olds (aOR=6.9; p<0.001). Colonization was higher in colder months, particularly in December (aOR=2.9, p<0.05) and February (aOR=4, p<0.05). Serotypes 22F and 24ABF exhibited strong colonization and an invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) risk, whereas serotypes 4, 6AB, 9VA, and 13 had high colonization but a low IPD risk. Serotypes 3 and 8 exhibited considerable IPD risk but low colonization.ConclusionOur findings provide insights into pneumococcal colonization mechanisms, influencing serotype prevalence, colonization risk variables, and serotype comparisons for colonization and pathogenicity propensity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-87fb216f63b7403b8fbefc1d86e8f7fa |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-87fb216f63b7403b8fbefc1d86e8f7fa2025-08-20T02:38:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882024-12-011410.3389/fcimb.2024.14673201467320Pneumococcal carriage in a large Sicilian sample population: impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategiesEmanuele Amodio0Fabio Tramuto1Fabio Tramuto2Valerio De Francisci3Dario Genovese4Valeria Guzzetta5Vincenzo Pisciotta6Arianna Santino7Giulia Randazzo8Giulio Trapani9Giuseppe Vella10Francesco Vitale11Francesco Vitale12Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyRegional Reference Laboratory for Molecular Surveillance of Influenza, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, University Hospital “Paolo Giaccone”, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyRegional Reference Laboratory for Molecular Surveillance of Influenza, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, University Hospital “Paolo Giaccone”, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyRegional Reference Laboratory for Molecular Surveillance of Influenza, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, University Hospital “Paolo Giaccone”, Palermo, ItalyRegional Reference Laboratory for Molecular Surveillance of Influenza, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, University Hospital “Paolo Giaccone”, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “P. Giaccone”, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyRegional Reference Laboratory for Molecular Surveillance of Influenza, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, University Hospital “Paolo Giaccone”, Palermo, ItalyIntroductionStreptococcus pneumoniae is a prevalent and virulent global pathogen, with colonization being considered a precondition for pneumococcal disease. Understanding colonization is critical for gaining insights into transmission dynamics and developing effective interventions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization and serotype distribution in the Sicilian population.MethodsObservational study randomly selecting samples belonging to Sicilian individuals whose nasopharyngeal swabs were collected between February 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022. Pneumococcal colonization was determined using PCR for the pneumococcal autolysin (LytA) gene, and positive samples were serotyped.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 1,196 individuals, with 17.4% testing positive for the LytA gene. Pneumococcal colonization rates fell from birth to 24 years, with a peak in 0-4-year-olds (aOR=6.9; p<0.001). Colonization was higher in colder months, particularly in December (aOR=2.9, p<0.05) and February (aOR=4, p<0.05). Serotypes 22F and 24ABF exhibited strong colonization and an invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) risk, whereas serotypes 4, 6AB, 9VA, and 13 had high colonization but a low IPD risk. Serotypes 3 and 8 exhibited considerable IPD risk but low colonization.ConclusionOur findings provide insights into pneumococcal colonization mechanisms, influencing serotype prevalence, colonization risk variables, and serotype comparisons for colonization and pathogenicity propensity.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1467320/fullStreptococcus pneumoniaecarriagecolonizationserotypesepidemiology |
| spellingShingle | Emanuele Amodio Fabio Tramuto Fabio Tramuto Valerio De Francisci Dario Genovese Valeria Guzzetta Vincenzo Pisciotta Arianna Santino Giulia Randazzo Giulio Trapani Giuseppe Vella Francesco Vitale Francesco Vitale Pneumococcal carriage in a large Sicilian sample population: impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategies Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage colonization serotypes epidemiology |
| title | Pneumococcal carriage in a large Sicilian sample population: impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategies |
| title_full | Pneumococcal carriage in a large Sicilian sample population: impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategies |
| title_fullStr | Pneumococcal carriage in a large Sicilian sample population: impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pneumococcal carriage in a large Sicilian sample population: impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategies |
| title_short | Pneumococcal carriage in a large Sicilian sample population: impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategies |
| title_sort | pneumococcal carriage in a large sicilian sample population impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategies |
| topic | Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage colonization serotypes epidemiology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1467320/full |
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