Grade Indicators and Distribution Characteristics of Heat Damage to Summer Maize in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain
Heat damage is a major abiotic stress that affects maize yield and quality. Although the differential impacts of heat damage during various growth stages have been widely documented, the grade levels of heat damage at different growth stages remain insufficiently quantified. In this study, based on...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/7/1545 |
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| author | Qing Li Peijuan Wang Xin Li Junxian Tang Yang Li Yuanda Zhang Yuping Ma |
| author_facet | Qing Li Peijuan Wang Xin Li Junxian Tang Yang Li Yuanda Zhang Yuping Ma |
| author_sort | Qing Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heat damage is a major abiotic stress that affects maize yield and quality. Although the differential impacts of heat damage during various growth stages have been widely documented, the grade levels of heat damage at different growth stages remain insufficiently quantified. In this study, based on daily maximum temperature data and historical disaster records of heat damage from 1980 to 2023, we quantified the grade indicators for heat damage at different growth stages, using disaster inversion and the K-means clustering method. The results identified that the duration thresholds of mild, moderate, and severe heat damage at different growth stages of summer maize are 3–5 days, 6–8 days, and more than 8 days, respectively. Further analysis revealed that the total station ratio of heat damage of summer maize showed a fluctuating upward trend from 1980 to 2023, and the station ratio at different growth stages reached the highest value in 1988, 2002, 2019, 2022, 2013, and 1999, respectively. Additionally, mild heat damage during sowing to maturity stages was found to be more widely distributed spatially and mainly exhibited a slight increasing trend. This study can provide support for enhancing disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities against different levels of heat damage. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-87ef0ae4bfa246ddbea9ab293a80480e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-87ef0ae4bfa246ddbea9ab293a80480e2025-08-20T03:32:24ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-06-01157154510.3390/agronomy15071545Grade Indicators and Distribution Characteristics of Heat Damage to Summer Maize in the Huang–Huai–Hai PlainQing Li0Peijuan Wang1Xin Li2Junxian Tang3Yang Li4Yuanda Zhang5Yuping Ma6Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology, Shenyang Institute of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaCenter of Ecology and Agricultural Meteorology of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010051, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology, Shenyang Institute of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology, Shenyang Institute of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology, Shenyang Institute of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaHeat damage is a major abiotic stress that affects maize yield and quality. Although the differential impacts of heat damage during various growth stages have been widely documented, the grade levels of heat damage at different growth stages remain insufficiently quantified. In this study, based on daily maximum temperature data and historical disaster records of heat damage from 1980 to 2023, we quantified the grade indicators for heat damage at different growth stages, using disaster inversion and the K-means clustering method. The results identified that the duration thresholds of mild, moderate, and severe heat damage at different growth stages of summer maize are 3–5 days, 6–8 days, and more than 8 days, respectively. Further analysis revealed that the total station ratio of heat damage of summer maize showed a fluctuating upward trend from 1980 to 2023, and the station ratio at different growth stages reached the highest value in 1988, 2002, 2019, 2022, 2013, and 1999, respectively. Additionally, mild heat damage during sowing to maturity stages was found to be more widely distributed spatially and mainly exhibited a slight increasing trend. This study can provide support for enhancing disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities against different levels of heat damage.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/7/1545summer maizeheat damagegrade indicatorsspatiotemporal distribution characteristics |
| spellingShingle | Qing Li Peijuan Wang Xin Li Junxian Tang Yang Li Yuanda Zhang Yuping Ma Grade Indicators and Distribution Characteristics of Heat Damage to Summer Maize in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain Agronomy summer maize heat damage grade indicators spatiotemporal distribution characteristics |
| title | Grade Indicators and Distribution Characteristics of Heat Damage to Summer Maize in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain |
| title_full | Grade Indicators and Distribution Characteristics of Heat Damage to Summer Maize in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain |
| title_fullStr | Grade Indicators and Distribution Characteristics of Heat Damage to Summer Maize in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Grade Indicators and Distribution Characteristics of Heat Damage to Summer Maize in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain |
| title_short | Grade Indicators and Distribution Characteristics of Heat Damage to Summer Maize in the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain |
| title_sort | grade indicators and distribution characteristics of heat damage to summer maize in the huang huai hai plain |
| topic | summer maize heat damage grade indicators spatiotemporal distribution characteristics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/7/1545 |
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