Apparent Total Tract Digestibility of Energy, Concentrations of Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy, and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Fed Bakery Meal and Biscuit Meal with Multi-Enzyme
A total of eight ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) barrows with an initial body weight (BW) of 33.06 ± 1.16 kg were placed in metabolism crates. The dietary treatments were structured using a 4 × 2 factorial design, which included two factors: four diet types (i.e., corn-based diet, CON; corn-plain b...
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2025-03-01
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| author | Jihwan Lee Joeun Kim Junseon Hong Hyunju Park Soojin Sa Sungwoo Park Yongmin Kim Sungdae Lee Yohan Choi Yongdae Jeong |
| author_facet | Jihwan Lee Joeun Kim Junseon Hong Hyunju Park Soojin Sa Sungwoo Park Yongmin Kim Sungdae Lee Yohan Choi Yongdae Jeong |
| author_sort | Jihwan Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A total of eight ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) barrows with an initial body weight (BW) of 33.06 ± 1.16 kg were placed in metabolism crates. The dietary treatments were structured using a 4 × 2 factorial design, which included two factors: four diet types (i.e., corn-based diet, CON; corn-plain bread meal (PBM)-based diet, PBMD; corn-sweet bread meal (SBM)-based diet, SBMD; and corn-biscuit meal (BM)-based diet (BMD) with or without 0.1% multi-enzyme supplementation). In this study, the concentrations of DE and ME were 4075 and 3981 kcal/kg dry matter (DM) in two-source bakery meals (i.e., PBM and SBM) and 4153 and 4075 kcal/kg DM in BM. The DE and ME (on a DM basis) in the bakery meals (i.e., PBM and SBM) and BM were significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than in corn. However, there was no significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in the ATTD of DM, GE, and N among the dietary treatments, multi-enzyme, and their interaction. In summary, the bakery meals and biscuit meals investigated in this study have the potential to partially replace corn. Further research is necessary to ascertain the effects of multi-enzyme supplements on bakery meals and biscuit meals. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-87a99241a6f0499baf0a3fa19ed1d142 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-87a99241a6f0499baf0a3fa19ed1d1422025-08-20T03:08:43ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-03-01157100210.3390/ani15071002Apparent Total Tract Digestibility of Energy, Concentrations of Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy, and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Fed Bakery Meal and Biscuit Meal with Multi-EnzymeJihwan Lee0Joeun Kim1Junseon Hong2Hyunju Park3Soojin Sa4Sungwoo Park5Yongmin Kim6Sungdae Lee7Yohan Choi8Yongdae Jeong9Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of KoreaSwine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of KoreaSwine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of KoreaSwine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of KoreaSwine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of KoreaSwine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of KoreaSwine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of KoreaPrecision Animal Nutrition Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of KoreaSwine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of KoreaSwine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 31000, Republic of KoreaA total of eight ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) barrows with an initial body weight (BW) of 33.06 ± 1.16 kg were placed in metabolism crates. The dietary treatments were structured using a 4 × 2 factorial design, which included two factors: four diet types (i.e., corn-based diet, CON; corn-plain bread meal (PBM)-based diet, PBMD; corn-sweet bread meal (SBM)-based diet, SBMD; and corn-biscuit meal (BM)-based diet (BMD) with or without 0.1% multi-enzyme supplementation). In this study, the concentrations of DE and ME were 4075 and 3981 kcal/kg dry matter (DM) in two-source bakery meals (i.e., PBM and SBM) and 4153 and 4075 kcal/kg DM in BM. The DE and ME (on a DM basis) in the bakery meals (i.e., PBM and SBM) and BM were significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than in corn. However, there was no significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in the ATTD of DM, GE, and N among the dietary treatments, multi-enzyme, and their interaction. In summary, the bakery meals and biscuit meals investigated in this study have the potential to partially replace corn. Further research is necessary to ascertain the effects of multi-enzyme supplements on bakery meals and biscuit meals.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/7/1002apparent total tract digestibilitybakery mealbiscuit mealnitrogen balance |
| spellingShingle | Jihwan Lee Joeun Kim Junseon Hong Hyunju Park Soojin Sa Sungwoo Park Yongmin Kim Sungdae Lee Yohan Choi Yongdae Jeong Apparent Total Tract Digestibility of Energy, Concentrations of Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy, and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Fed Bakery Meal and Biscuit Meal with Multi-Enzyme Animals apparent total tract digestibility bakery meal biscuit meal nitrogen balance |
| title | Apparent Total Tract Digestibility of Energy, Concentrations of Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy, and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Fed Bakery Meal and Biscuit Meal with Multi-Enzyme |
| title_full | Apparent Total Tract Digestibility of Energy, Concentrations of Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy, and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Fed Bakery Meal and Biscuit Meal with Multi-Enzyme |
| title_fullStr | Apparent Total Tract Digestibility of Energy, Concentrations of Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy, and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Fed Bakery Meal and Biscuit Meal with Multi-Enzyme |
| title_full_unstemmed | Apparent Total Tract Digestibility of Energy, Concentrations of Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy, and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Fed Bakery Meal and Biscuit Meal with Multi-Enzyme |
| title_short | Apparent Total Tract Digestibility of Energy, Concentrations of Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy, and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Fed Bakery Meal and Biscuit Meal with Multi-Enzyme |
| title_sort | apparent total tract digestibility of energy concentrations of digestible energy and metabolizable energy and nitrogen balance in growing pigs fed bakery meal and biscuit meal with multi enzyme |
| topic | apparent total tract digestibility bakery meal biscuit meal nitrogen balance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/7/1002 |
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