Sublethal Effects of Abamectin and Acetamiprid on the Longevity, Fecundity and Detoxification Enzyme Activity of <i>Rhopalosiphum padi</i>
The bird cherry-oat aphid <i>Rhopalosiphum padi</i> (L.) poses a significant threat to wheat production, resulting in substantial yield reductions. Abamectin and acetamiprid are frequently utilized for management. This study assessed the sublethal effects of abamectin and acetamiprid on...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/6/629 |
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| Summary: | The bird cherry-oat aphid <i>Rhopalosiphum padi</i> (L.) poses a significant threat to wheat production, resulting in substantial yield reductions. Abamectin and acetamiprid are frequently utilized for management. This study assessed the sublethal effects of abamectin and acetamiprid on <i>R. padi</i> through life table analysis and enzyme activity assays. At 24 h, the LC<sub>10</sub> and LC<sub>30</sub> values for abamectin to <i>R. padi</i> were 0.063 mg/L and 0.252 mg/L, respectively, while, for acetamiprid, the corresponding values were 0.065 and 0.293 mg/L. The results indicated that exposure to sublethal concentrations of abamectin (AB-LC<sub>10</sub>) extended the longevity of <i>R. padi</i> F<sub>0</sub> generation, while acetamiprid (AC-LC<sub>10</sub> and AC-LC<sub>30</sub>) decreased it. Furthermore, the fecundity of the F<sub>0</sub> generation was significantly reduced following exposure to AB-LC<sub>30</sub>, AC-LC<sub>10</sub> and AC-LC<sub>30</sub>. In the F<sub>1</sub> generation, exposure to sublethal concentrations of acetamiprid negatively impacted on <i>R. padi</i>, as evidenced by a significant reduction in longevity; fecundity and population parameters (<i>R</i><sub>0</sub>, <i>r</i>, <i>λ</i>, <i>s<sub>xj</sub></i>, <i>l<sub>x</sub></i>, <i>l<sub>x</sub>m<sub>x</sub></i>, <i>v<sub>xj</sub></i> and <i>e<sub>xj</sub></i>). Conversely, sublethal concentrations of abamectin did not significantly affect these parameters. Additionally, population projections revealed a significantly smaller total population size of <i>R. padi</i> in the acetamiprid-exposed group compared to both the abamectin-exposed and control groups. Except these population-level effects, the activities of detoxification enzymes, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450), glutathione S-transferases (GST) and carboxylesterases (CarE), changed differently after treatments. These results suggest that sublethal concentrations of acetamiprid, but not abamectin, significantly inhibit the population growth of <i>R. padi</i>. These insights are crucial for <i>R. padi</i> control and facilitate the development of effective control strategies that take into account these sublethal effects in integrated pest management strategies targeting <i>R. padi</i>. |
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| ISSN: | 2075-4450 |