Geospatial intelligence and multi-criteria analysis for mapping groundwater potential zones and sustainable resource management in Wadi Qena Basin, Eastern Desert, Egypt

Abstract Groundwater is a rare and valuable resource in arid and hyperarid areas. Over the past few decades, population growth, urbanization, and agricultural activities—particularly in developing countries like Egypt—have greatly increased the demand for water supplies. The purpose of this study is...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: El-Taher M. M. Shams, Rashad Sawires, Sahar N. E. Tawfiq, Hanaa R. Youssef, Wenzhao Li, Hesham El-Askary
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-05-01
Series:Applied Water Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-025-02487-1
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849234630802145280
author El-Taher M. M. Shams
Rashad Sawires
Sahar N. E. Tawfiq
Hanaa R. Youssef
Wenzhao Li
Hesham El-Askary
author_facet El-Taher M. M. Shams
Rashad Sawires
Sahar N. E. Tawfiq
Hanaa R. Youssef
Wenzhao Li
Hesham El-Askary
author_sort El-Taher M. M. Shams
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Groundwater is a rare and valuable resource in arid and hyperarid areas. Over the past few decades, population growth, urbanization, and agricultural activities—particularly in developing countries like Egypt—have greatly increased the demand for water supplies. The purpose of this study is to apply a multi-criteria analytical hierarchy process (AHP) in conjunction with remote sensing and geographic information systems methodologies to identify potential zones for groundwater recharge in Wadi Qena, Eastern Desert of Egypt. This valley is considered as one of the most potential valleys for government-led land reclamation and development initiatives. Using several data sources (e.g., Landsat-8 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), as well as all available geologic and hydrogeological data, thematic maps were prepared and combined based on 15 spatial criteria. Using AHP-based specialized knowledge and expert judgment, the study assigned weights to spatial criteria layers and classified Wadi Qena catchment area into five zones: very high (11.75%), high (29.30%), moderate (8.86%), low (47.55%), and very low (2.50%), with the southwestern part having a very high recharge and storage capacity. The model's accuracy was confirmed by comparing the obtained groundwater potential map with the available borehole data and daily productivity from the groundwater aquifers within the valley (e.g., ROC curve with AUC = 0.94). The results demonstrate that the integration of AHP, remote sensing, and GIS techniques is effective for precise groundwater resource assessment, planning, and monitoring in arid regions like Wadi Qena. These insights can assist decision-makers in water-scarce areas in making informed decisions regarding the conservation and sustainable management of groundwater resources.
format Article
id doaj-art-879e97e4330041ed985afc05944fdd91
institution Kabale University
issn 2190-5487
2190-5495
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher SpringerOpen
record_format Article
series Applied Water Science
spelling doaj-art-879e97e4330041ed985afc05944fdd912025-08-20T04:03:06ZengSpringerOpenApplied Water Science2190-54872190-54952025-05-0115712710.1007/s13201-025-02487-1Geospatial intelligence and multi-criteria analysis for mapping groundwater potential zones and sustainable resource management in Wadi Qena Basin, Eastern Desert, EgyptEl-Taher M. M. Shams0Rashad Sawires1Sahar N. E. Tawfiq2Hanaa R. Youssef3Wenzhao Li4Hesham El-Askary5Natural Resources and Energy Department, Damanhour UniversityDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Science, Assiut UniversityGeography and GIS Department, Faculty of Arts, Alexandria UniversityNatural Resources and Energy Department, Damanhour UniversityEarth Systems Science and Data Solutions Lab, Chapman UniversityEarth Systems Science and Data Solutions Lab, Chapman UniversityAbstract Groundwater is a rare and valuable resource in arid and hyperarid areas. Over the past few decades, population growth, urbanization, and agricultural activities—particularly in developing countries like Egypt—have greatly increased the demand for water supplies. The purpose of this study is to apply a multi-criteria analytical hierarchy process (AHP) in conjunction with remote sensing and geographic information systems methodologies to identify potential zones for groundwater recharge in Wadi Qena, Eastern Desert of Egypt. This valley is considered as one of the most potential valleys for government-led land reclamation and development initiatives. Using several data sources (e.g., Landsat-8 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission), as well as all available geologic and hydrogeological data, thematic maps were prepared and combined based on 15 spatial criteria. Using AHP-based specialized knowledge and expert judgment, the study assigned weights to spatial criteria layers and classified Wadi Qena catchment area into five zones: very high (11.75%), high (29.30%), moderate (8.86%), low (47.55%), and very low (2.50%), with the southwestern part having a very high recharge and storage capacity. The model's accuracy was confirmed by comparing the obtained groundwater potential map with the available borehole data and daily productivity from the groundwater aquifers within the valley (e.g., ROC curve with AUC = 0.94). The results demonstrate that the integration of AHP, remote sensing, and GIS techniques is effective for precise groundwater resource assessment, planning, and monitoring in arid regions like Wadi Qena. These insights can assist decision-makers in water-scarce areas in making informed decisions regarding the conservation and sustainable management of groundwater resources.https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-025-02487-1Groundwater potentialityAquifersRechargeRemote sensingGeographic information systemAnalytical hierarchy process
spellingShingle El-Taher M. M. Shams
Rashad Sawires
Sahar N. E. Tawfiq
Hanaa R. Youssef
Wenzhao Li
Hesham El-Askary
Geospatial intelligence and multi-criteria analysis for mapping groundwater potential zones and sustainable resource management in Wadi Qena Basin, Eastern Desert, Egypt
Applied Water Science
Groundwater potentiality
Aquifers
Recharge
Remote sensing
Geographic information system
Analytical hierarchy process
title Geospatial intelligence and multi-criteria analysis for mapping groundwater potential zones and sustainable resource management in Wadi Qena Basin, Eastern Desert, Egypt
title_full Geospatial intelligence and multi-criteria analysis for mapping groundwater potential zones and sustainable resource management in Wadi Qena Basin, Eastern Desert, Egypt
title_fullStr Geospatial intelligence and multi-criteria analysis for mapping groundwater potential zones and sustainable resource management in Wadi Qena Basin, Eastern Desert, Egypt
title_full_unstemmed Geospatial intelligence and multi-criteria analysis for mapping groundwater potential zones and sustainable resource management in Wadi Qena Basin, Eastern Desert, Egypt
title_short Geospatial intelligence and multi-criteria analysis for mapping groundwater potential zones and sustainable resource management in Wadi Qena Basin, Eastern Desert, Egypt
title_sort geospatial intelligence and multi criteria analysis for mapping groundwater potential zones and sustainable resource management in wadi qena basin eastern desert egypt
topic Groundwater potentiality
Aquifers
Recharge
Remote sensing
Geographic information system
Analytical hierarchy process
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-025-02487-1
work_keys_str_mv AT eltahermmshams geospatialintelligenceandmulticriteriaanalysisformappinggroundwaterpotentialzonesandsustainableresourcemanagementinwadiqenabasineasterndesertegypt
AT rashadsawires geospatialintelligenceandmulticriteriaanalysisformappinggroundwaterpotentialzonesandsustainableresourcemanagementinwadiqenabasineasterndesertegypt
AT saharnetawfiq geospatialintelligenceandmulticriteriaanalysisformappinggroundwaterpotentialzonesandsustainableresourcemanagementinwadiqenabasineasterndesertegypt
AT hanaaryoussef geospatialintelligenceandmulticriteriaanalysisformappinggroundwaterpotentialzonesandsustainableresourcemanagementinwadiqenabasineasterndesertegypt
AT wenzhaoli geospatialintelligenceandmulticriteriaanalysisformappinggroundwaterpotentialzonesandsustainableresourcemanagementinwadiqenabasineasterndesertegypt
AT heshamelaskary geospatialintelligenceandmulticriteriaanalysisformappinggroundwaterpotentialzonesandsustainableresourcemanagementinwadiqenabasineasterndesertegypt