The Magnified Waltz: Simulating Light Curves of Binary Stars Passing Through Microcaustics in Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters

Individual stars located near the caustics of galaxy clusters can undergo extreme magnification when crossing microcaustics, rendering them observable even at cosmological distances. Though most massive stars are likely to reside in binary systems rather than as single star, the influence of a binar...

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Main Authors: Wenwen Zheng, Xiaoting Fu, Yang Chen, Xuefei Chen, Yanjun Guo, Xuechun Chen, Huanyuan Shan, Guoliang Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add72a
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author Wenwen Zheng
Xiaoting Fu
Yang Chen
Xuefei Chen
Yanjun Guo
Xuechun Chen
Huanyuan Shan
Guoliang Li
author_facet Wenwen Zheng
Xiaoting Fu
Yang Chen
Xuefei Chen
Yanjun Guo
Xuechun Chen
Huanyuan Shan
Guoliang Li
author_sort Wenwen Zheng
collection DOAJ
description Individual stars located near the caustics of galaxy clusters can undergo extreme magnification when crossing microcaustics, rendering them observable even at cosmological distances. Though most massive stars are likely to reside in binary systems rather than as single star, the influence of a binary star system on magnification events is severely underexplored. In this work, we simulate the light curves produced by detached binary stars crossing microcaustics, aiming to characterize their unique observational signatures. Using high-resolution magnification maps generated by the GPU-PMO-CAUSTIC algorithm and PARSEC stellar models with red-shifted magnitude, we examined the impact of binary star parameters and crossing geometries on microlensing magnification patterns. Our simulations reveal that binary stars produce diverse light-curve features, including overlapping peaks, plateau-like structures, and time-variable color–magnitude differences. These features, particularly the distinct temporal variations in spectral energy distributions, offer diagnostic tools for distinguishing binary systems from single stars. We further demonstrate the potential of multiband photometry using the Chinese Space Station Telescope’s Multi-Channel Imager to capture these variations. Our findings provide theoretical support to identify binary systems in future caustic-crossing events, enabling more accurate characterization of high-redshift stellar populations.
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issn 1538-4357
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publisher IOP Publishing
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series The Astrophysical Journal
spelling doaj-art-8783db7254a64abfbc2b5732420f8ce42025-08-20T03:28:21ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-0198719410.3847/1538-4357/add72aThe Magnified Waltz: Simulating Light Curves of Binary Stars Passing Through Microcaustics in Strong Lensing Galaxy ClustersWenwen Zheng0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0478-3431Xiaoting Fu1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6506-1985Yang Chen2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3759-1487Xuefei Chen3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5284-8001Yanjun Guo4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9989-9834Xuechun Chen5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9387-7343Huanyuan Shan6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-837XGuoliang Li7Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People’s Republic of China ; guoliang@pmo.ac.cnPurple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People’s Republic of China ; guoliang@pmo.ac.cnSchool of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University , Hefei, 230601, People’s Republic of ChinaYunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Kunming 650216, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China; School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of ChinaYunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Kunming 650216, Yunnan, People’s Republic of ChinaInstitute for Frontier in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University , Beijing, 102206, People’s Republic of China; School of Physics and Astronomy, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai, 200030, People’s Republic of ChinaPurple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People’s Republic of China ; guoliang@pmo.ac.cnIndividual stars located near the caustics of galaxy clusters can undergo extreme magnification when crossing microcaustics, rendering them observable even at cosmological distances. Though most massive stars are likely to reside in binary systems rather than as single star, the influence of a binary star system on magnification events is severely underexplored. In this work, we simulate the light curves produced by detached binary stars crossing microcaustics, aiming to characterize their unique observational signatures. Using high-resolution magnification maps generated by the GPU-PMO-CAUSTIC algorithm and PARSEC stellar models with red-shifted magnitude, we examined the impact of binary star parameters and crossing geometries on microlensing magnification patterns. Our simulations reveal that binary stars produce diverse light-curve features, including overlapping peaks, plateau-like structures, and time-variable color–magnitude differences. These features, particularly the distinct temporal variations in spectral energy distributions, offer diagnostic tools for distinguishing binary systems from single stars. We further demonstrate the potential of multiband photometry using the Chinese Space Station Telescope’s Multi-Channel Imager to capture these variations. Our findings provide theoretical support to identify binary systems in future caustic-crossing events, enabling more accurate characterization of high-redshift stellar populations.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add72aGravitational lensingGravitational microlensingBinary stars
spellingShingle Wenwen Zheng
Xiaoting Fu
Yang Chen
Xuefei Chen
Yanjun Guo
Xuechun Chen
Huanyuan Shan
Guoliang Li
The Magnified Waltz: Simulating Light Curves of Binary Stars Passing Through Microcaustics in Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters
The Astrophysical Journal
Gravitational lensing
Gravitational microlensing
Binary stars
title The Magnified Waltz: Simulating Light Curves of Binary Stars Passing Through Microcaustics in Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters
title_full The Magnified Waltz: Simulating Light Curves of Binary Stars Passing Through Microcaustics in Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters
title_fullStr The Magnified Waltz: Simulating Light Curves of Binary Stars Passing Through Microcaustics in Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters
title_full_unstemmed The Magnified Waltz: Simulating Light Curves of Binary Stars Passing Through Microcaustics in Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters
title_short The Magnified Waltz: Simulating Light Curves of Binary Stars Passing Through Microcaustics in Strong Lensing Galaxy Clusters
title_sort magnified waltz simulating light curves of binary stars passing through microcaustics in strong lensing galaxy clusters
topic Gravitational lensing
Gravitational microlensing
Binary stars
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/add72a
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