Impact of Airstacking and Digital Pressure Feedback on Pulmonary Function in Restrictive Lung Disease: A Stratified Randomized Controlled Trial
<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Airstacking is a technique to improve lung compliance and maximum insufflation capacity (MIC) in patients with neuromuscular disorders by sequentially inflating the lungs using a manual resuscitation bag. Traditional methods lack standardization and rely on...
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2025-03-01
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| author | Han Eol Cho Won Ah Choi Seul Lee Seong-Woong Kang |
| author_facet | Han Eol Cho Won Ah Choi Seul Lee Seong-Woong Kang |
| author_sort | Han Eol Cho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Airstacking is a technique to improve lung compliance and maximum insufflation capacity (MIC) in patients with neuromuscular disorders by sequentially inflating the lungs using a manual resuscitation bag. Traditional methods lack standardization and rely on subjective feedback. A pilot study established optimal pressure ranges using a digital manometer, suggesting its potential to standardize airstacking. This study evaluates the longitudinal effects of airstacking with and without digital pressure feedback on pulmonary function. <b>Methods:</b> A stratified randomized controlled trial was conducted with 40 patients allocated into three groups: those performing airstacking appropriately (Group 1), those previously performing airstacking inappropriately but using digital pressure feedback during the study (Group 2), and those previously performing airstacking inappropriately without feedback (Group 3). Pulmonary function parameters, including forced vital capacity expressed as a percentage of the predicted normal value (FVC%), MIC, and assisted peak cough flow (aPCF), were measured at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Caregiver outcomes, musculoskeletal pain, and satisfaction were assessed. <b>Results:</b> Digital pressure feedback did not significantly alter pulmonary function. Changes in FVC% (<i>p</i> = 0.164), MIC (<i>p</i> = 0.218) and aPCF (<i>p</i> = 0.787) were not statistically significant. However, Group 2 caregivers showed significant reductions in musculoskeletal pain than Group 3 (<i>p</i> = 0.036) and higher satisfaction (mean: 8.92/10). The proportion of caregivers achieving optimal pressure increased by 25% in Group 2 compared to 16.67% in Group 3. <b>Conclusions:</b> While digital pressure feedback did not significantly alter pulmonary function, it contributed to improved caregiver adherence and reduced musculoskeletal pain. These findings suggest that integrating objective pressure feedback into airstacking training may enhance technique standardization and caregiver experience, though its impact on pulmonary function remains uncertain. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | DOAJ |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-87604bce577c4809acc6340f60effcea2025-08-20T02:42:35ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-03-0113361610.3390/biomedicines13030616Impact of Airstacking and Digital Pressure Feedback on Pulmonary Function in Restrictive Lung Disease: A Stratified Randomized Controlled TrialHan Eol Cho0Won Ah Choi1Seul Lee2Seong-Woong Kang3Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Airstacking is a technique to improve lung compliance and maximum insufflation capacity (MIC) in patients with neuromuscular disorders by sequentially inflating the lungs using a manual resuscitation bag. Traditional methods lack standardization and rely on subjective feedback. A pilot study established optimal pressure ranges using a digital manometer, suggesting its potential to standardize airstacking. This study evaluates the longitudinal effects of airstacking with and without digital pressure feedback on pulmonary function. <b>Methods:</b> A stratified randomized controlled trial was conducted with 40 patients allocated into three groups: those performing airstacking appropriately (Group 1), those previously performing airstacking inappropriately but using digital pressure feedback during the study (Group 2), and those previously performing airstacking inappropriately without feedback (Group 3). Pulmonary function parameters, including forced vital capacity expressed as a percentage of the predicted normal value (FVC%), MIC, and assisted peak cough flow (aPCF), were measured at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Caregiver outcomes, musculoskeletal pain, and satisfaction were assessed. <b>Results:</b> Digital pressure feedback did not significantly alter pulmonary function. Changes in FVC% (<i>p</i> = 0.164), MIC (<i>p</i> = 0.218) and aPCF (<i>p</i> = 0.787) were not statistically significant. However, Group 2 caregivers showed significant reductions in musculoskeletal pain than Group 3 (<i>p</i> = 0.036) and higher satisfaction (mean: 8.92/10). The proportion of caregivers achieving optimal pressure increased by 25% in Group 2 compared to 16.67% in Group 3. <b>Conclusions:</b> While digital pressure feedback did not significantly alter pulmonary function, it contributed to improved caregiver adherence and reduced musculoskeletal pain. These findings suggest that integrating objective pressure feedback into airstacking training may enhance technique standardization and caregiver experience, though its impact on pulmonary function remains uncertain.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/3/616airstackingneuromuscular disorderspulmonary rehabilitationdigital feedbackcaregiver outcomes |
| spellingShingle | Han Eol Cho Won Ah Choi Seul Lee Seong-Woong Kang Impact of Airstacking and Digital Pressure Feedback on Pulmonary Function in Restrictive Lung Disease: A Stratified Randomized Controlled Trial Biomedicines airstacking neuromuscular disorders pulmonary rehabilitation digital feedback caregiver outcomes |
| title | Impact of Airstacking and Digital Pressure Feedback on Pulmonary Function in Restrictive Lung Disease: A Stratified Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_full | Impact of Airstacking and Digital Pressure Feedback on Pulmonary Function in Restrictive Lung Disease: A Stratified Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Airstacking and Digital Pressure Feedback on Pulmonary Function in Restrictive Lung Disease: A Stratified Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Airstacking and Digital Pressure Feedback on Pulmonary Function in Restrictive Lung Disease: A Stratified Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_short | Impact of Airstacking and Digital Pressure Feedback on Pulmonary Function in Restrictive Lung Disease: A Stratified Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_sort | impact of airstacking and digital pressure feedback on pulmonary function in restrictive lung disease a stratified randomized controlled trial |
| topic | airstacking neuromuscular disorders pulmonary rehabilitation digital feedback caregiver outcomes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/3/616 |
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