Solid-state NMR of vulcanized natural rubber/butadiene rubber blends: Local organization and cross-linking heterogeneities
Elastomer blends, among which natural rubber (NR) and butadiene rubber (BR), are involved in many components of the automotive/tire industry. A comprehensive understanding of their mechanical behavior requires, among other features, a detailed description of the cross-link density in these mixtures....
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| Format: | Article |
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KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Magnetic Resonance Letters |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772516224000627 |
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| author | Pierre Daniel Cristina Coelho-Diogo Valérie Gaucher Grégory Stoclet Clément Robin Cédric Lorthioir |
| author_facet | Pierre Daniel Cristina Coelho-Diogo Valérie Gaucher Grégory Stoclet Clément Robin Cédric Lorthioir |
| author_sort | Pierre Daniel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Elastomer blends, among which natural rubber (NR) and butadiene rubber (BR), are involved in many components of the automotive/tire industry. A comprehensive understanding of their mechanical behavior requires, among other features, a detailed description of the cross-link density in these mixtures. In the case of vulcanized immiscible blends, the distribution of the cross-link density within each of the NR- and BR-rich domains is key information, but difficult to determine using the conventional approaches used for one-component cross-linked elastomers. In this study, the vulcanization within NR/BR blends is investigated using a robust 1H double-quantum (DQ) MAS recoupling experiment, BaBa-xy16. Two kinds of cross-linked NR/BR blends were considered with two different microstructures for the BR component. The bulk organization of the resulting blends was first probed by analyzing the 1H spin-lattice relaxation behavior. In a second step, BaBa-xy16 was used to investigate, in a selective way, the cross-link heterogeneities within NR/BR blends. In particular, for immiscible NR/BR mixtures, the distribution of the cross-link density between both phases was compared and the observed differences were discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-873192f0068f43409b2961cecbbdc8c5 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2772-5162 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Magnetic Resonance Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-873192f0068f43409b2961cecbbdc8c52025-08-20T02:07:01ZengKeAi Communications Co. Ltd.Magnetic Resonance Letters2772-51622024-11-014420015510.1016/j.mrl.2024.200155Solid-state NMR of vulcanized natural rubber/butadiene rubber blends: Local organization and cross-linking heterogeneitiesPierre Daniel0Cristina Coelho-Diogo1Valérie Gaucher2Grégory Stoclet3Clément Robin4Cédric Lorthioir5Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, LCMCP, UMR 7574, 75005 Paris, FranceSorbonne Université, CNRS, Fédération Chimie et Matériaux de Paris-Centre, FR 2482, 75005 Paris, FranceUniv. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Unité Matériaux et Transformations, UMET, UMR 8207, 59000 Lille, FranceUniv. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Unité Matériaux et Transformations, UMET, UMR 8207, 59000 Lille, FranceHutchinson Research and Innovation Center, 45120 Châlette-sur-Loing, France; Corresponding author.Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, LCMCP, UMR 7574, 75005 Paris, France; Corresponding author.Elastomer blends, among which natural rubber (NR) and butadiene rubber (BR), are involved in many components of the automotive/tire industry. A comprehensive understanding of their mechanical behavior requires, among other features, a detailed description of the cross-link density in these mixtures. In the case of vulcanized immiscible blends, the distribution of the cross-link density within each of the NR- and BR-rich domains is key information, but difficult to determine using the conventional approaches used for one-component cross-linked elastomers. In this study, the vulcanization within NR/BR blends is investigated using a robust 1H double-quantum (DQ) MAS recoupling experiment, BaBa-xy16. Two kinds of cross-linked NR/BR blends were considered with two different microstructures for the BR component. The bulk organization of the resulting blends was first probed by analyzing the 1H spin-lattice relaxation behavior. In a second step, BaBa-xy16 was used to investigate, in a selective way, the cross-link heterogeneities within NR/BR blends. In particular, for immiscible NR/BR mixtures, the distribution of the cross-link density between both phases was compared and the observed differences were discussed.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772516224000627RubbersBlendsCross-linking1H solid-state NMRRelaxationDouble-quantum NMR |
| spellingShingle | Pierre Daniel Cristina Coelho-Diogo Valérie Gaucher Grégory Stoclet Clément Robin Cédric Lorthioir Solid-state NMR of vulcanized natural rubber/butadiene rubber blends: Local organization and cross-linking heterogeneities Magnetic Resonance Letters Rubbers Blends Cross-linking 1H solid-state NMR Relaxation Double-quantum NMR |
| title | Solid-state NMR of vulcanized natural rubber/butadiene rubber blends: Local organization and cross-linking heterogeneities |
| title_full | Solid-state NMR of vulcanized natural rubber/butadiene rubber blends: Local organization and cross-linking heterogeneities |
| title_fullStr | Solid-state NMR of vulcanized natural rubber/butadiene rubber blends: Local organization and cross-linking heterogeneities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Solid-state NMR of vulcanized natural rubber/butadiene rubber blends: Local organization and cross-linking heterogeneities |
| title_short | Solid-state NMR of vulcanized natural rubber/butadiene rubber blends: Local organization and cross-linking heterogeneities |
| title_sort | solid state nmr of vulcanized natural rubber butadiene rubber blends local organization and cross linking heterogeneities |
| topic | Rubbers Blends Cross-linking 1H solid-state NMR Relaxation Double-quantum NMR |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772516224000627 |
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