Coordinated allocation of distributed generation, soft open points and energy storage systems in unbalanced distribution networks considering flexibility deficiency risk
Optimizing the location and capacity of flexible resources is critical. The increase in the permeability of distributed generation (DG) causes the net load to drastically fluctuate, which sharply increases flexibility demand for the distribution network. The asymmetric access of distributed generato...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016824014984 |
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| author | Jie Wang Xiaochao Fan Lijun Xu Ruijing Shi Weiqing Wang |
| author_facet | Jie Wang Xiaochao Fan Lijun Xu Ruijing Shi Weiqing Wang |
| author_sort | Jie Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optimizing the location and capacity of flexible resources is critical. The increase in the permeability of distributed generation (DG) causes the net load to drastically fluctuate, which sharply increases flexibility demand for the distribution network. The asymmetric access of distributed generators, asymmetric line parameters, and unbalanced loads aggravate the three-phase voltage unbalance of distribution systems. Energy storage systems (ESSs) and soft open points (SOPs) can flexibly adjust power flow direction, which can address the problem. This study analyzed the characteristics of flexibility resources based on the flexibility theory. Furthermore, the potential loss of flexibility demand is quantitatively assessed by conditional value-at-risk, and the coordination planning model of DG, SOP, and ESS for the unbalanced distribution network is constructed considering flexibility and economy. Because the resulting mathematical formulation belongs to a nonconvex quadratic programming problem, an adaptive linear relaxation programming method is proposed to improve computational efficiency. The adaptive linear relaxation technique is constructed based on the properties of quadratic functions and the mean value theorem, and the non-convex quadratic programming problem is converted to a series of parametric linear relaxation programming problems by the technique. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified on IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 123-bus systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-871fc66226cd494c9f16141e99586397 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1110-0168 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-871fc66226cd494c9f16141e995863972025-01-29T05:00:19ZengElsevierAlexandria Engineering Journal1110-01682025-01-01112569584Coordinated allocation of distributed generation, soft open points and energy storage systems in unbalanced distribution networks considering flexibility deficiency riskJie Wang0Xiaochao Fan1Lijun Xu2Ruijing Shi3Weiqing Wang4Department of Energy Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830023, China; Corresponding author.Department of Energy Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830023, ChinaDepartment of Energy Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830023, ChinaDepartment of Energy Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830023, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Education Ministry for Renewable Energy Power Generation and Grid-connected Control, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830047, ChinaOptimizing the location and capacity of flexible resources is critical. The increase in the permeability of distributed generation (DG) causes the net load to drastically fluctuate, which sharply increases flexibility demand for the distribution network. The asymmetric access of distributed generators, asymmetric line parameters, and unbalanced loads aggravate the three-phase voltage unbalance of distribution systems. Energy storage systems (ESSs) and soft open points (SOPs) can flexibly adjust power flow direction, which can address the problem. This study analyzed the characteristics of flexibility resources based on the flexibility theory. Furthermore, the potential loss of flexibility demand is quantitatively assessed by conditional value-at-risk, and the coordination planning model of DG, SOP, and ESS for the unbalanced distribution network is constructed considering flexibility and economy. Because the resulting mathematical formulation belongs to a nonconvex quadratic programming problem, an adaptive linear relaxation programming method is proposed to improve computational efficiency. The adaptive linear relaxation technique is constructed based on the properties of quadratic functions and the mean value theorem, and the non-convex quadratic programming problem is converted to a series of parametric linear relaxation programming problems by the technique. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified on IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 123-bus systems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016824014984Unbalanced distribution networksCoordinated planningDistributed generationSoft open points (SOPs)Energy storage systems (ESSs)Flexibility deficiency risk |
| spellingShingle | Jie Wang Xiaochao Fan Lijun Xu Ruijing Shi Weiqing Wang Coordinated allocation of distributed generation, soft open points and energy storage systems in unbalanced distribution networks considering flexibility deficiency risk Alexandria Engineering Journal Unbalanced distribution networks Coordinated planning Distributed generation Soft open points (SOPs) Energy storage systems (ESSs) Flexibility deficiency risk |
| title | Coordinated allocation of distributed generation, soft open points and energy storage systems in unbalanced distribution networks considering flexibility deficiency risk |
| title_full | Coordinated allocation of distributed generation, soft open points and energy storage systems in unbalanced distribution networks considering flexibility deficiency risk |
| title_fullStr | Coordinated allocation of distributed generation, soft open points and energy storage systems in unbalanced distribution networks considering flexibility deficiency risk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Coordinated allocation of distributed generation, soft open points and energy storage systems in unbalanced distribution networks considering flexibility deficiency risk |
| title_short | Coordinated allocation of distributed generation, soft open points and energy storage systems in unbalanced distribution networks considering flexibility deficiency risk |
| title_sort | coordinated allocation of distributed generation soft open points and energy storage systems in unbalanced distribution networks considering flexibility deficiency risk |
| topic | Unbalanced distribution networks Coordinated planning Distributed generation Soft open points (SOPs) Energy storage systems (ESSs) Flexibility deficiency risk |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016824014984 |
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