Mental Health Issues among Physicians in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping Review

Background: Physicians in Saudi Arabia encounter significant occupational stressors that elevate their risk of mental health challenges. Objective: This review maps research on the mental health of physicians in Saudi Arabia, identifies key themes and gaps, and contributes to understanding physician...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dushad Ram, Hathim Yousef Alharbi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-07-01
Series:Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_128_25
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849392096823214080
author Dushad Ram
Hathim Yousef Alharbi
author_facet Dushad Ram
Hathim Yousef Alharbi
author_sort Dushad Ram
collection DOAJ
description Background: Physicians in Saudi Arabia encounter significant occupational stressors that elevate their risk of mental health challenges. Objective: This review maps research on the mental health of physicians in Saudi Arabia, identifies key themes and gaps, and contributes to understanding physician well-being. It aims to inform future research and targeted interventions to improve both physician well-being and healthcare quality. Methods: This scoping review mapped literature (2000–2024) on the mental health of physicians in Saudi Arabia. Inclusion criteria were primary research studies (quantitative or mixed methods) on the mental health of physician (interns to consultants) in Saudi Arabia. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. Thematic synthesis was performed. Results: Eighty-eight cross-sectional studies (sample size range: 55–1205; N ~11,000) revealed significant mental health challenges. Workplace bullying (70%, 95% CI: 65.2%–74.6%) and harassment (83.6%, 95% CI: 79.7%–87.0%) were prevalent. Psychiatric issues included high stress (>50%, 95% CI: varied according to study), depression (up to 75.8%, 95% CI: 70.2%–80.8% in residents), anxiety (up to 50%, 95% CI: 43.0%–57.0%), and sleep disturbances (up to 87%, 95% CI: 82.0%–91.1% in residents). Substance use (smoking 16%–47.7%) and self-prescription of psychotropics were observed. Adaptive coping (e.g., religion and planning) was common, while maladaptive coping (e.g., self-blame) was associated with higher stress, particularly in females. Job satisfaction varied, with lower satisfaction in intensive care and plastic surgery. Conclusions: This review highlights significant, interconnected mental health challenges among physicians in Saudi Arabia, particularly in high-stress specialties and among female physicians. Targeted interventions and future research are needed to address work-related stress, improve coping, enhance institutional support, and promote physician well-being and healthcare quality.
format Article
id doaj-art-8716f2d544ff47c59cbfa5b1daf1ff16
institution Kabale University
issn 1658-631X
2321-4856
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
record_format Article
series Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences
spelling doaj-art-8716f2d544ff47c59cbfa5b1daf1ff162025-08-20T03:40:50ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsSaudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences1658-631X2321-48562025-07-0113315717210.4103/sjmms.sjmms_128_25Mental Health Issues among Physicians in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping ReviewDushad RamHathim Yousef AlharbiBackground: Physicians in Saudi Arabia encounter significant occupational stressors that elevate their risk of mental health challenges. Objective: This review maps research on the mental health of physicians in Saudi Arabia, identifies key themes and gaps, and contributes to understanding physician well-being. It aims to inform future research and targeted interventions to improve both physician well-being and healthcare quality. Methods: This scoping review mapped literature (2000–2024) on the mental health of physicians in Saudi Arabia. Inclusion criteria were primary research studies (quantitative or mixed methods) on the mental health of physician (interns to consultants) in Saudi Arabia. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. Thematic synthesis was performed. Results: Eighty-eight cross-sectional studies (sample size range: 55–1205; N ~11,000) revealed significant mental health challenges. Workplace bullying (70%, 95% CI: 65.2%–74.6%) and harassment (83.6%, 95% CI: 79.7%–87.0%) were prevalent. Psychiatric issues included high stress (>50%, 95% CI: varied according to study), depression (up to 75.8%, 95% CI: 70.2%–80.8% in residents), anxiety (up to 50%, 95% CI: 43.0%–57.0%), and sleep disturbances (up to 87%, 95% CI: 82.0%–91.1% in residents). Substance use (smoking 16%–47.7%) and self-prescription of psychotropics were observed. Adaptive coping (e.g., religion and planning) was common, while maladaptive coping (e.g., self-blame) was associated with higher stress, particularly in females. Job satisfaction varied, with lower satisfaction in intensive care and plastic surgery. Conclusions: This review highlights significant, interconnected mental health challenges among physicians in Saudi Arabia, particularly in high-stress specialties and among female physicians. Targeted interventions and future research are needed to address work-related stress, improve coping, enhance institutional support, and promote physician well-being and healthcare quality.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_128_25doctorsmental healthphysicianspsychiatric healthsaudi arabia
spellingShingle Dushad Ram
Hathim Yousef Alharbi
Mental Health Issues among Physicians in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping Review
Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences
doctors
mental health
physicians
psychiatric health
saudi arabia
title Mental Health Issues among Physicians in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping Review
title_full Mental Health Issues among Physicians in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping Review
title_fullStr Mental Health Issues among Physicians in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping Review
title_full_unstemmed Mental Health Issues among Physicians in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping Review
title_short Mental Health Issues among Physicians in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping Review
title_sort mental health issues among physicians in saudi arabia a scoping review
topic doctors
mental health
physicians
psychiatric health
saudi arabia
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_128_25
work_keys_str_mv AT dushadram mentalhealthissuesamongphysiciansinsaudiarabiaascopingreview
AT hathimyousefalharbi mentalhealthissuesamongphysiciansinsaudiarabiaascopingreview