Incidence of pressure injury in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review
Background Patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) may develop pressure injury (PI) due to haemodynamic instability caused by the disease, lack of mobility in bed, as well as intense and prolonged compression in prominent bone areas.Ob...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2024-12-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/12/e089243.full |
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| author | Wellingson S Paiva Ranya Nascimento Ribeiro Daniel Vieira de Oliveira Regina Marcia C Sousa Rita de Cassia A Vieira |
| author_facet | Wellingson S Paiva Ranya Nascimento Ribeiro Daniel Vieira de Oliveira Regina Marcia C Sousa Rita de Cassia A Vieira |
| author_sort | Wellingson S Paiva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) may develop pressure injury (PI) due to haemodynamic instability caused by the disease, lack of mobility in bed, as well as intense and prolonged compression in prominent bone areas.Objective The objective of this review is to assess the incidence and identify risk factor for the development of PI in patients with moderate and severe TBI admitted to the ICU.Method Searches were conducted in the PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Trove and Open Grey databases, including all records found up to May 2023. Patients with moderate and severe TBI admitted to the ICU were included in this review.Results A total of 368 studies on PI and TBI were identified in the databases. Two authors assessed study bias and extracted data, wit. h a third reviewer as arbitrator. Six studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the review. The incidence of PI varied between 6.5% and 20% among the included studies. Only two studies applied the Braden Scale, which identified stage II lesions (52.6% and 51.5%), located in the sacral region (78.9% and 54.6%). The risk factors identified in the studies for the development of PI were mechanical ventilation, TBI severity, vasoactive drugs, age, fever, use of enteral nutrition, haemoglobin levels and time to perform tracheostomy.Conclusion The incidence of PI in moderate and severe patients was similar to that found in ICU patients. There were significant differences across the various studies in the ways in which data were collected and reported.Trial registration number The protocol has been deposited in the PROSPERO repository (CRD42023428817). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-86f67aab2fed45148d3fb4cc1d935d30 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-86f67aab2fed45148d3fb4cc1d935d302025-08-20T01:58:00ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552024-12-01141210.1136/bmjopen-2024-089243Incidence of pressure injury in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic reviewWellingson S Paiva0Ranya Nascimento Ribeiro1Daniel Vieira de Oliveira2Regina Marcia C Sousa3Rita de Cassia A Vieira43 Neurosurgery, Sao Paulo University Faculty of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil1 Nursing Department, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Brazil2 Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Brazil4 Nursing Department, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil5 Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, BrazilBackground Patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) may develop pressure injury (PI) due to haemodynamic instability caused by the disease, lack of mobility in bed, as well as intense and prolonged compression in prominent bone areas.Objective The objective of this review is to assess the incidence and identify risk factor for the development of PI in patients with moderate and severe TBI admitted to the ICU.Method Searches were conducted in the PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Trove and Open Grey databases, including all records found up to May 2023. Patients with moderate and severe TBI admitted to the ICU were included in this review.Results A total of 368 studies on PI and TBI were identified in the databases. Two authors assessed study bias and extracted data, wit. h a third reviewer as arbitrator. Six studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the review. The incidence of PI varied between 6.5% and 20% among the included studies. Only two studies applied the Braden Scale, which identified stage II lesions (52.6% and 51.5%), located in the sacral region (78.9% and 54.6%). The risk factors identified in the studies for the development of PI were mechanical ventilation, TBI severity, vasoactive drugs, age, fever, use of enteral nutrition, haemoglobin levels and time to perform tracheostomy.Conclusion The incidence of PI in moderate and severe patients was similar to that found in ICU patients. There were significant differences across the various studies in the ways in which data were collected and reported.Trial registration number The protocol has been deposited in the PROSPERO repository (CRD42023428817).https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/12/e089243.full |
| spellingShingle | Wellingson S Paiva Ranya Nascimento Ribeiro Daniel Vieira de Oliveira Regina Marcia C Sousa Rita de Cassia A Vieira Incidence of pressure injury in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review BMJ Open |
| title | Incidence of pressure injury in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review |
| title_full | Incidence of pressure injury in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Incidence of pressure injury in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incidence of pressure injury in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review |
| title_short | Incidence of pressure injury in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review |
| title_sort | incidence of pressure injury in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury a systematic review |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/14/12/e089243.full |
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