Deletion of the African Swine Fever Virus Gen <i>I196L</i> in the Georgia2010 Isolate Genome Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs

African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal disease of domestic pigs that is currently challenging swine production in large areas of Eurasia and the Caribbean. The causative agent, ASF virus (ASFV), is a large, double-stranded, and structurally complex virus. The ASFV genome encodes for more than 160 pro...

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Main Authors: Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina, Paul A. Azzinaro, Alyssa Valladares, Ediane Silva, Leeanna Burton, Leandro Sastre, Vivian O’Donnell, James J. Zhu, Douglas P. Gladue, Manuel V. Borca
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Viruses
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/5/603
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author Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina
Paul A. Azzinaro
Alyssa Valladares
Ediane Silva
Leeanna Burton
Leandro Sastre
Vivian O’Donnell
James J. Zhu
Douglas P. Gladue
Manuel V. Borca
author_facet Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina
Paul A. Azzinaro
Alyssa Valladares
Ediane Silva
Leeanna Burton
Leandro Sastre
Vivian O’Donnell
James J. Zhu
Douglas P. Gladue
Manuel V. Borca
author_sort Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina
collection DOAJ
description African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal disease of domestic pigs that is currently challenging swine production in large areas of Eurasia and the Caribbean. The causative agent, ASF virus (ASFV), is a large, double-stranded, and structurally complex virus. The ASFV genome encodes for more than 160 proteins; however, the functions of most of them are still in the process of being characterized. Recently, ASFV gene <i>I196L</i> has been reported as being critically involved in disease production in domestic pigs. We report here that a recombinant virus derived from the Georgia 2010 isolate (ASFV-G) lacking the <i>I196L</i> gene, ASFV-G-∆I196L, had the same ability to replicate in primary cultures of swine macrophage and, when experimentally inoculated in pigs, produced a fatal form of the disease similar to that caused by the parental virulent ASFV-G. Therefore, deletion of the <i>I196L</i> gene does not significantly affect virus replication and virulence in domestic pigs of the ASFV Georgia 2010 isolate.
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spelling doaj-art-86eb3c95c71f47c8a5c37e6cd5d179592025-08-20T03:12:07ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-04-0117560310.3390/v17050603Deletion of the African Swine Fever Virus Gen <i>I196L</i> in the Georgia2010 Isolate Genome Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic PigsElizabeth Ramirez-Medina0Paul A. Azzinaro1Alyssa Valladares2Ediane Silva3Leeanna Burton4Leandro Sastre5Vivian O’Donnell6James J. Zhu7Douglas P. Gladue8Manuel V. Borca9Foreign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USAForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USAForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USAForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USAForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USAForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USAU.S. Department of Agriculture, APHIS, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USAForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USAForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USAForeign Animal Disease Research Unit, Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC), Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, USAAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a lethal disease of domestic pigs that is currently challenging swine production in large areas of Eurasia and the Caribbean. The causative agent, ASF virus (ASFV), is a large, double-stranded, and structurally complex virus. The ASFV genome encodes for more than 160 proteins; however, the functions of most of them are still in the process of being characterized. Recently, ASFV gene <i>I196L</i> has been reported as being critically involved in disease production in domestic pigs. We report here that a recombinant virus derived from the Georgia 2010 isolate (ASFV-G) lacking the <i>I196L</i> gene, ASFV-G-∆I196L, had the same ability to replicate in primary cultures of swine macrophage and, when experimentally inoculated in pigs, produced a fatal form of the disease similar to that caused by the parental virulent ASFV-G. Therefore, deletion of the <i>I196L</i> gene does not significantly affect virus replication and virulence in domestic pigs of the ASFV Georgia 2010 isolate.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/5/603ASFVASFAfrican swine fever virusrecombinant virusASFV virulenceASFV <i>I196L</i> gene
spellingShingle Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina
Paul A. Azzinaro
Alyssa Valladares
Ediane Silva
Leeanna Burton
Leandro Sastre
Vivian O’Donnell
James J. Zhu
Douglas P. Gladue
Manuel V. Borca
Deletion of the African Swine Fever Virus Gen <i>I196L</i> in the Georgia2010 Isolate Genome Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs
Viruses
ASFV
ASF
African swine fever virus
recombinant virus
ASFV virulence
ASFV <i>I196L</i> gene
title Deletion of the African Swine Fever Virus Gen <i>I196L</i> in the Georgia2010 Isolate Genome Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs
title_full Deletion of the African Swine Fever Virus Gen <i>I196L</i> in the Georgia2010 Isolate Genome Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs
title_fullStr Deletion of the African Swine Fever Virus Gen <i>I196L</i> in the Georgia2010 Isolate Genome Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs
title_full_unstemmed Deletion of the African Swine Fever Virus Gen <i>I196L</i> in the Georgia2010 Isolate Genome Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs
title_short Deletion of the African Swine Fever Virus Gen <i>I196L</i> in the Georgia2010 Isolate Genome Does Not Affect Virus Replication or Virulence in Domestic Pigs
title_sort deletion of the african swine fever virus gen i i196l i in the georgia2010 isolate genome does not affect virus replication or virulence in domestic pigs
topic ASFV
ASF
African swine fever virus
recombinant virus
ASFV virulence
ASFV <i>I196L</i> gene
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/5/603
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