The Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Single Leg Squat Among Physically Active Females with and without Dynamic Knee Valgus
# Background The single leg squat (SLS) motion imitates various maneuvers in sports. It is commonly used as a functional test for the lower limb. SLS with two-dimensional (2-D) video analysis is regularly performed in the clinical setting to assess dynamic knee valgus (DKV). However, 2-D video anal...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North American Sports Medicine Institute
2022-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.35706 |
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| author | Nazatul Izzati Jamaludin Farhah Nadhirah Aiman Sahabuddin Nur Syahmina Rasudin Shazlin Shaharudin |
| author_facet | Nazatul Izzati Jamaludin Farhah Nadhirah Aiman Sahabuddin Nur Syahmina Rasudin Shazlin Shaharudin |
| author_sort | Nazatul Izzati Jamaludin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | # Background
The single leg squat (SLS) motion imitates various maneuvers in sports. It is commonly used as a functional test for the lower limb. SLS with two-dimensional (2-D) video analysis is regularly performed in the clinical setting to assess dynamic knee valgus (DKV). However, 2-D video analysis may not be able to demonstrate the same level of accuracy as three-dimensional (3-D) motion analysis.
# Purpose
This study aimed to determine the within- and between-day reliability as well as the concurrent validity of 2-D and 3-D motion analysis of lower limb kinematics during 45° and 60° SLS among physically active females with and without DKV.
# Study Design
Cross-sectional study
# Methods
A total of 34 physically active females (17 individuals with excessive DKV and 17 without DKV) participated in the study. Their DKV was determined based on the cut-off values of knee frontal plane projection angle during drop landing. Their lower limb kinematics during SLS at 45° and 60° knee flexion were captured simultaneously by digital cameras (2-D motion capture) and infrared cameras (3-D motion capture). Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used as an indicator for within- and between-day reliability tests of both groups. Bland-Altman Plot and Pearson correlation were used to examine the validity of 2-D and 3-D motion capture methods in evaluating knee valgus angle.
# Results
Two-dimensional knee FPPA and 3-D knee angle measured during 45° and 60° SLS in normal and excessive DKV groups showed moderate to excellent within-day and between-day reliability (ICC≥ 0.50). The current study showed that the 2-D knee frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) during 45° SLS were valid for the non-dominant leg in both groups. Additionally, the 2-D knee FPPA during 60° SLS were valid for non-dominant leg in excessive DKV group and dominant leg in normal group.
# Conclusion
Two-dimensional knee FPPA during 45° and 60° SLS also showed high within-and between-day reliability for both groups. The validity of 2-D knee FPPA during SLS depends on the squat depth, stance leg, and presence of DKV.
# Level of Evidence
2B |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-86d45675e103435e91a108aeb984fdd7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2159-2896 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | North American Sports Medicine Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-86d45675e103435e91a108aeb984fdd72025-02-11T20:28:09ZengNorth American Sports Medicine InstituteInternational Journal of Sports Physical Therapy2159-28962022-06-01174The Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Single Leg Squat Among Physically Active Females with and without Dynamic Knee ValgusNazatul Izzati JamaludinFarhah Nadhirah Aiman SahabuddinNur Syahmina RasudinShazlin Shaharudin# Background The single leg squat (SLS) motion imitates various maneuvers in sports. It is commonly used as a functional test for the lower limb. SLS with two-dimensional (2-D) video analysis is regularly performed in the clinical setting to assess dynamic knee valgus (DKV). However, 2-D video analysis may not be able to demonstrate the same level of accuracy as three-dimensional (3-D) motion analysis. # Purpose This study aimed to determine the within- and between-day reliability as well as the concurrent validity of 2-D and 3-D motion analysis of lower limb kinematics during 45° and 60° SLS among physically active females with and without DKV. # Study Design Cross-sectional study # Methods A total of 34 physically active females (17 individuals with excessive DKV and 17 without DKV) participated in the study. Their DKV was determined based on the cut-off values of knee frontal plane projection angle during drop landing. Their lower limb kinematics during SLS at 45° and 60° knee flexion were captured simultaneously by digital cameras (2-D motion capture) and infrared cameras (3-D motion capture). Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used as an indicator for within- and between-day reliability tests of both groups. Bland-Altman Plot and Pearson correlation were used to examine the validity of 2-D and 3-D motion capture methods in evaluating knee valgus angle. # Results Two-dimensional knee FPPA and 3-D knee angle measured during 45° and 60° SLS in normal and excessive DKV groups showed moderate to excellent within-day and between-day reliability (ICC≥ 0.50). The current study showed that the 2-D knee frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) during 45° SLS were valid for the non-dominant leg in both groups. Additionally, the 2-D knee FPPA during 60° SLS were valid for non-dominant leg in excessive DKV group and dominant leg in normal group. # Conclusion Two-dimensional knee FPPA during 45° and 60° SLS also showed high within-and between-day reliability for both groups. The validity of 2-D knee FPPA during SLS depends on the squat depth, stance leg, and presence of DKV. # Level of Evidence 2Bhttps://doi.org/10.26603/001c.35706 |
| spellingShingle | Nazatul Izzati Jamaludin Farhah Nadhirah Aiman Sahabuddin Nur Syahmina Rasudin Shazlin Shaharudin The Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Single Leg Squat Among Physically Active Females with and without Dynamic Knee Valgus International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| title | The Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Single Leg Squat Among Physically Active Females with and without Dynamic Knee Valgus |
| title_full | The Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Single Leg Squat Among Physically Active Females with and without Dynamic Knee Valgus |
| title_fullStr | The Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Single Leg Squat Among Physically Active Females with and without Dynamic Knee Valgus |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Single Leg Squat Among Physically Active Females with and without Dynamic Knee Valgus |
| title_short | The Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Single Leg Squat Among Physically Active Females with and without Dynamic Knee Valgus |
| title_sort | concurrent validity and reliability of single leg squat among physically active females with and without dynamic knee valgus |
| url | https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.35706 |
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