Angiogenic Factors and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation and impaired epithelial barrier function. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of vascular remodeling and angiogenesis in IBD pathogenesis. This review ex...

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Main Authors: Zhiru Li, Li Zeng, Wei Huang, Xinxing Zhang, Li Zhang, Qin Xie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/5/1154
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author Zhiru Li
Li Zeng
Wei Huang
Xinxing Zhang
Li Zhang
Qin Xie
author_facet Zhiru Li
Li Zeng
Wei Huang
Xinxing Zhang
Li Zhang
Qin Xie
author_sort Zhiru Li
collection DOAJ
description Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation and impaired epithelial barrier function. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of vascular remodeling and angiogenesis in IBD pathogenesis. This review explores the intricate relationship between blood vessels and the intestinal epithelial barrier, emphasizing how aberrant vascularization contributes to barrier dysfunction and disease progression. In IBD, excessive angiogenesis is driven by hypoxia, immune cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, further perpetuating inflammation and tissue damage. Key angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietins, and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), are upregulated in IBD, promoting pathological vessel formation. These newly formed vessels are often immature and hyperpermeable, exacerbating leukocyte recruitment and inflammatory responses. Given the pivotal role of angiogenesis in IBD, anti-angiogenic therapies have emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy. Preclinical and clinical studies targeting VEGF and other angiogenic pathways have shown promise in reducing inflammation and promoting mucosal healing. This review summarizes current knowledge on vascular–epithelial interactions in IBD, the mechanisms driving pathological angiogenesis, and the therapeutic potential of anti-angiogenic approaches, providing insights for future research and treatment development.
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spelling doaj-art-86bc8470b6304e55b63f1febe36cb73f2025-08-20T03:47:48ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-05-01135115410.3390/biomedicines13051154Angiogenic Factors and Inflammatory Bowel DiseasesZhiru Li0Li Zeng1Wei Huang2Xinxing Zhang3Li Zhang4Qin Xie5Clinical Medical School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, ChinaDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, ChinaDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, ChinaDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, ChinaDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, ChinaDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, ChinaInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation and impaired epithelial barrier function. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of vascular remodeling and angiogenesis in IBD pathogenesis. This review explores the intricate relationship between blood vessels and the intestinal epithelial barrier, emphasizing how aberrant vascularization contributes to barrier dysfunction and disease progression. In IBD, excessive angiogenesis is driven by hypoxia, immune cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, further perpetuating inflammation and tissue damage. Key angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietins, and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), are upregulated in IBD, promoting pathological vessel formation. These newly formed vessels are often immature and hyperpermeable, exacerbating leukocyte recruitment and inflammatory responses. Given the pivotal role of angiogenesis in IBD, anti-angiogenic therapies have emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy. Preclinical and clinical studies targeting VEGF and other angiogenic pathways have shown promise in reducing inflammation and promoting mucosal healing. This review summarizes current knowledge on vascular–epithelial interactions in IBD, the mechanisms driving pathological angiogenesis, and the therapeutic potential of anti-angiogenic approaches, providing insights for future research and treatment development.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/5/1154inflammatory bowel diseaseangiogenesisangiogenic factors
spellingShingle Zhiru Li
Li Zeng
Wei Huang
Xinxing Zhang
Li Zhang
Qin Xie
Angiogenic Factors and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Biomedicines
inflammatory bowel disease
angiogenesis
angiogenic factors
title Angiogenic Factors and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title_full Angiogenic Factors and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title_fullStr Angiogenic Factors and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Angiogenic Factors and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title_short Angiogenic Factors and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
title_sort angiogenic factors and inflammatory bowel diseases
topic inflammatory bowel disease
angiogenesis
angiogenic factors
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/5/1154
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AT lizeng angiogenicfactorsandinflammatoryboweldiseases
AT weihuang angiogenicfactorsandinflammatoryboweldiseases
AT xinxingzhang angiogenicfactorsandinflammatoryboweldiseases
AT lizhang angiogenicfactorsandinflammatoryboweldiseases
AT qinxie angiogenicfactorsandinflammatoryboweldiseases