Impact of Control Interventions on Malaria Incidence in the General Population of Mali

Abstract Background The increase in malaria incidence and the reduction of funding for malaria control have highlighted the need to step up efforts in the fight against malaria in Mali. To further refine the malaria control strategy implemented in the country, this study aimed to evaluate the impact...

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Main Authors: Mady Cissoko, Issaka Sagara, Abdoulaye Guindo, Mahamane Maiga, Pascal Dembélé, Cedric S. Bationo, Sokhna Dieng, Issa Diarra, Abdoulaye Katilé, Diahara Traoré, Nadine Dessay, Jean Gaudart
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-03-01
Series:Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-025-00381-2
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author Mady Cissoko
Issaka Sagara
Abdoulaye Guindo
Mahamane Maiga
Pascal Dembélé
Cedric S. Bationo
Sokhna Dieng
Issa Diarra
Abdoulaye Katilé
Diahara Traoré
Nadine Dessay
Jean Gaudart
author_facet Mady Cissoko
Issaka Sagara
Abdoulaye Guindo
Mahamane Maiga
Pascal Dembélé
Cedric S. Bationo
Sokhna Dieng
Issa Diarra
Abdoulaye Katilé
Diahara Traoré
Nadine Dessay
Jean Gaudart
author_sort Mady Cissoko
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The increase in malaria incidence and the reduction of funding for malaria control have highlighted the need to step up efforts in the fight against malaria in Mali. To further refine the malaria control strategy implemented in the country, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of control interventions at the health district level on malaria incidence in the general population. Method Malaria, rainfall, and intervention data were collected for the 75 health districts of Mali for the period from April 2017 to March 2022. The impact of the different control interventions on malaria incidence in the general population was assessed at the health district level with a Generalized Additive Mixed Model considering rainfall. Results Although coverage rates varied widely between health districts, most interventions showed an improvement in coverage over the study period. Two interventions had a small impact on incidence: long-lasting insecticidal net mass distribution (LLIN), with a reduction rate of 2.2 ‰ for an adjusted coverage rate from 30.0 to 79.0% (odds ratio (OR): 0.998; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.997–0.999), and seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), with a reduction rate of 1.9 ‰ for an adjusted coverage rate from 30.0 to 80.0% (OR: 0.9979; 95% CI 0.996–0.998). Conclusion The analysis found a small impact of LLIN and SMC on malaria incidence at the district level. Malaria control should be reinforced by improving coverage and utilization rates in the general population and in the most vulnerable groups and by deploying larger numbers of community health workers where needed.
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spelling doaj-art-86a98282ebf545f5a4bf5ced982e68832025-08-20T02:56:19ZengSpringerJournal of Epidemiology and Global Health2210-60142025-03-0115111910.1007/s44197-025-00381-2Impact of Control Interventions on Malaria Incidence in the General Population of MaliMady Cissoko0Issaka Sagara1Abdoulaye Guindo2Mahamane Maiga3Pascal Dembélé4Cedric S. Bationo5Sokhna Dieng6Issa Diarra7Abdoulaye Katilé8Diahara Traoré9Nadine Dessay10Jean Gaudart11Malaria Research and Training Centre Ogobara K. Doumbo (MRTC-OKD), FMOS-FAPH, Mali-NIAID-ICER, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de BamakoMalaria Research and Training Centre Ogobara K. Doumbo (MRTC-OKD), FMOS-FAPH, Mali-NIAID-ICER, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de BamakoMalaria Research and Training Centre Ogobara K. Doumbo (MRTC-OKD), FMOS-FAPH, Mali-NIAID-ICER, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de BamakoMalaria Research and Training Centre Ogobara K. Doumbo (MRTC-OKD), FMOS-FAPH, Mali-NIAID-ICER, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de BamakoProgramme National de la Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP Mali)Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, ISSPAM, UM1252Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, ISSPAM, UM1252Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire AppliquéeMalaria Research and Training Centre Ogobara K. Doumbo (MRTC-OKD), FMOS-FAPH, Mali-NIAID-ICER, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de BamakoProgramme National de la Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP Mali)ESPACE-DEV, UMR228 IRD/UM/UR/UG/UA, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)Malaria Research and Training Centre Ogobara K. Doumbo (MRTC-OKD), FMOS-FAPH, Mali-NIAID-ICER, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de BamakoAbstract Background The increase in malaria incidence and the reduction of funding for malaria control have highlighted the need to step up efforts in the fight against malaria in Mali. To further refine the malaria control strategy implemented in the country, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of control interventions at the health district level on malaria incidence in the general population. Method Malaria, rainfall, and intervention data were collected for the 75 health districts of Mali for the period from April 2017 to March 2022. The impact of the different control interventions on malaria incidence in the general population was assessed at the health district level with a Generalized Additive Mixed Model considering rainfall. Results Although coverage rates varied widely between health districts, most interventions showed an improvement in coverage over the study period. Two interventions had a small impact on incidence: long-lasting insecticidal net mass distribution (LLIN), with a reduction rate of 2.2 ‰ for an adjusted coverage rate from 30.0 to 79.0% (odds ratio (OR): 0.998; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.997–0.999), and seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), with a reduction rate of 1.9 ‰ for an adjusted coverage rate from 30.0 to 80.0% (OR: 0.9979; 95% CI 0.996–0.998). Conclusion The analysis found a small impact of LLIN and SMC on malaria incidence at the district level. Malaria control should be reinforced by improving coverage and utilization rates in the general population and in the most vulnerable groups and by deploying larger numbers of community health workers where needed.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-025-00381-2ImpactMalariaEvaluation of interventionsGeo-epidemiologyMali
spellingShingle Mady Cissoko
Issaka Sagara
Abdoulaye Guindo
Mahamane Maiga
Pascal Dembélé
Cedric S. Bationo
Sokhna Dieng
Issa Diarra
Abdoulaye Katilé
Diahara Traoré
Nadine Dessay
Jean Gaudart
Impact of Control Interventions on Malaria Incidence in the General Population of Mali
Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
Impact
Malaria
Evaluation of interventions
Geo-epidemiology
Mali
title Impact of Control Interventions on Malaria Incidence in the General Population of Mali
title_full Impact of Control Interventions on Malaria Incidence in the General Population of Mali
title_fullStr Impact of Control Interventions on Malaria Incidence in the General Population of Mali
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Control Interventions on Malaria Incidence in the General Population of Mali
title_short Impact of Control Interventions on Malaria Incidence in the General Population of Mali
title_sort impact of control interventions on malaria incidence in the general population of mali
topic Impact
Malaria
Evaluation of interventions
Geo-epidemiology
Mali
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-025-00381-2
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