Association of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Features and Metabolic Syndrome Among Reproductive-Aged Women in the United States

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with the metabolic health of racially and ethnically diverse women globally, but limited research exists on the association of PCOS and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among women in the United States. Objective: To examine the association of PC...

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Main Authors: Deepali K. Ernest, Asha Collier, Aparajita Chandrasekhar, Luyu Xie, Shaghayegh Darraji, Jenil Patel, Jaime P. Almandoz, Sarah E. Messiah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Mary Ann Liebert 2025-01-01
Series:Women's Health Reports
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Online Access:https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/whr.2024.0143
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author Deepali K. Ernest
Asha Collier
Aparajita Chandrasekhar
Luyu Xie
Shaghayegh Darraji
Jenil Patel
Jaime P. Almandoz
Sarah E. Messiah
author_facet Deepali K. Ernest
Asha Collier
Aparajita Chandrasekhar
Luyu Xie
Shaghayegh Darraji
Jenil Patel
Jaime P. Almandoz
Sarah E. Messiah
author_sort Deepali K. Ernest
collection DOAJ
description Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with the metabolic health of racially and ethnically diverse women globally, but limited research exists on the association of PCOS and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among women in the United States. Objective: To examine the association of PCOS features and MetS in a racially/ethnically diverse population of reproductive-aged women in the United States. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 2,172 women (12–49 years) from the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Univariate logistic regression models determined unadjusted associations of MetS and its components (elevated central obesity, glucose, blood pressure and triglyceride, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) with PCOS features (log-transformed total testosterone (LTT), sex-hormone binding globulin (LSHBG), amenorrhea, and oral contraceptive pills (OCP) use). Multivariable logistic models examined age-adjusted associations stratified by race and ethnicity. Results: The analytical sample (mean age = 30.3 years, 59% non-Hispanic White, 12.4% non-Hispanic Black, 18.7% Hispanic/Latina, 6.2% non-Hispanic Asian, 3.7% Other/multi-race) had a MetS prevalence of 14.5%. Overall, MetS was associated with age, body mass index, race/ethnicity, LTT and LSHBG concentrations, amenorrhea, and OCP use (p < 0.01 for all), and many of the PCOS features were protective against individual MetS components. Most race/ethnicities showed significantly lower odds of MetS with an increase in LSHBG, with varying impacts on individual MetS features. Conclusions: Findings suggest significant associations between PCOS features and MetS among a racially and ethnically diverse population of reproductive-aged women in the United States. More robust and longitudinal studies are needed to further understand the underlying mechanism linking PCOS and MetS.
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spelling doaj-art-86a5f4be8a5d4f5ea2ec9445903140412025-08-20T01:50:53ZengMary Ann LiebertWomen's Health Reports2688-48442025-01-016143144110.1089/whr.2024.0143Association of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Features and Metabolic Syndrome Among Reproductive-Aged Women in the United StatesDeepali K. Ernest0Asha Collier1Aparajita Chandrasekhar2Luyu Xie3Shaghayegh Darraji4Jenil Patel5Jaime P. Almandoz6Sarah E. Messiah7Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA.School of Human Ecology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA.Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.School of Public Health, UTHealth at Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA.Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA.Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.Peter O’Donnell Jr School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with the metabolic health of racially and ethnically diverse women globally, but limited research exists on the association of PCOS and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among women in the United States. Objective: To examine the association of PCOS features and MetS in a racially/ethnically diverse population of reproductive-aged women in the United States. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 2,172 women (12–49 years) from the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Univariate logistic regression models determined unadjusted associations of MetS and its components (elevated central obesity, glucose, blood pressure and triglyceride, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) with PCOS features (log-transformed total testosterone (LTT), sex-hormone binding globulin (LSHBG), amenorrhea, and oral contraceptive pills (OCP) use). Multivariable logistic models examined age-adjusted associations stratified by race and ethnicity. Results: The analytical sample (mean age = 30.3 years, 59% non-Hispanic White, 12.4% non-Hispanic Black, 18.7% Hispanic/Latina, 6.2% non-Hispanic Asian, 3.7% Other/multi-race) had a MetS prevalence of 14.5%. Overall, MetS was associated with age, body mass index, race/ethnicity, LTT and LSHBG concentrations, amenorrhea, and OCP use (p < 0.01 for all), and many of the PCOS features were protective against individual MetS components. Most race/ethnicities showed significantly lower odds of MetS with an increase in LSHBG, with varying impacts on individual MetS features. Conclusions: Findings suggest significant associations between PCOS features and MetS among a racially and ethnically diverse population of reproductive-aged women in the United States. More robust and longitudinal studies are needed to further understand the underlying mechanism linking PCOS and MetS.https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/whr.2024.0143metabolic syndromepolycystic ovarian syndromerace/ethnicityreproductive health
spellingShingle Deepali K. Ernest
Asha Collier
Aparajita Chandrasekhar
Luyu Xie
Shaghayegh Darraji
Jenil Patel
Jaime P. Almandoz
Sarah E. Messiah
Association of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Features and Metabolic Syndrome Among Reproductive-Aged Women in the United States
Women's Health Reports
metabolic syndrome
polycystic ovarian syndrome
race/ethnicity
reproductive health
title Association of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Features and Metabolic Syndrome Among Reproductive-Aged Women in the United States
title_full Association of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Features and Metabolic Syndrome Among Reproductive-Aged Women in the United States
title_fullStr Association of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Features and Metabolic Syndrome Among Reproductive-Aged Women in the United States
title_full_unstemmed Association of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Features and Metabolic Syndrome Among Reproductive-Aged Women in the United States
title_short Association of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Features and Metabolic Syndrome Among Reproductive-Aged Women in the United States
title_sort association of polycystic ovarian syndrome features and metabolic syndrome among reproductive aged women in the united states
topic metabolic syndrome
polycystic ovarian syndrome
race/ethnicity
reproductive health
url https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/whr.2024.0143
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