Prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taif social correctional center, Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are primarily distinguished through their genetic characteristics. These strains carry the smaller types of staphylococcal cassette chromosome, specifically types IV and V. These infections occur mostly in healt...

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Main Authors: Khalid Jamaan Alzahrani, Emad Mohamed Eed, Khalaf Faisal Alsharif, Mazen Mohamed Almehmadi, Saud Faisal Alotaibi, Fahad Abdullah Al-Ghamdi, Alwaleed Abdullah Almuwalld, Salem Hamed Alamri, Taisir Saber
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2021-12-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/14999
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author Khalid Jamaan Alzahrani
Emad Mohamed Eed
Khalaf Faisal Alsharif
Mazen Mohamed Almehmadi
Saud Faisal Alotaibi
Fahad Abdullah Al-Ghamdi
Alwaleed Abdullah Almuwalld
Salem Hamed Alamri
Taisir Saber
author_facet Khalid Jamaan Alzahrani
Emad Mohamed Eed
Khalaf Faisal Alsharif
Mazen Mohamed Almehmadi
Saud Faisal Alotaibi
Fahad Abdullah Al-Ghamdi
Alwaleed Abdullah Almuwalld
Salem Hamed Alamri
Taisir Saber
author_sort Khalid Jamaan Alzahrani
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are primarily distinguished through their genetic characteristics. These strains carry the smaller types of staphylococcal cassette chromosome, specifically types IV and V. These infections occur mostly in healthy younger patients, and have been linked to such severe clinical conditions as necrotizing pneumonia and sepsis. A higher risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus contagion exists among incarcerated sub-populations; therefore, this study investigated colonization rate and risk factors among the residents of the Taif Social Correctional Center Methodology: The study included 93 inmates and 19 employees. Specimens were collected from participants’ noses and hands and from different environmental locations. The isolated organisms were identified according to standard microbiological methods. Methicillin resistance was evaluated using the standard cefoxitin disk diffusion method and oxacillin screen agar procedure. Methicillin resistance was further confirmed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Results: High methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization rate was found among the center residents (24.7%) and employees (15.8%). Long duration of residence in the correctional institution and bad hand hygiene emerged as prominent risk factors for this colonization. An antibiogram categorized the isolated strains into six phenotypes, with a predominance of two antibiotic-resistant patterns suggesting cross-contamination and the presence of local foci of dissemination. Conclusions: Taif Social Correctional Center residents exhibited a higher prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization than was found in similar institutions. Poor personal hygiene and infection control measures are likely the major contributors to the problem.
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spelling doaj-art-86a03a84113c4baba8a914fc92f060022025-08-20T02:57:44ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802021-12-01151210.3855/jidc.14999Prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taif social correctional center, Saudi Arabia Khalid Jamaan Alzahrani 0Emad Mohamed Eed1Khalaf Faisal Alsharif2Mazen Mohamed Almehmadi3Saud Faisal Alotaibi4Fahad Abdullah Al-Ghamdi5Alwaleed Abdullah Almuwalld6Salem Hamed Alamri7Taisir Saber8Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi ArabiaMedical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, EgyptDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi ArabiaMedical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt Introduction: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are primarily distinguished through their genetic characteristics. These strains carry the smaller types of staphylococcal cassette chromosome, specifically types IV and V. These infections occur mostly in healthy younger patients, and have been linked to such severe clinical conditions as necrotizing pneumonia and sepsis. A higher risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus contagion exists among incarcerated sub-populations; therefore, this study investigated colonization rate and risk factors among the residents of the Taif Social Correctional Center Methodology: The study included 93 inmates and 19 employees. Specimens were collected from participants’ noses and hands and from different environmental locations. The isolated organisms were identified according to standard microbiological methods. Methicillin resistance was evaluated using the standard cefoxitin disk diffusion method and oxacillin screen agar procedure. Methicillin resistance was further confirmed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Results: High methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization rate was found among the center residents (24.7%) and employees (15.8%). Long duration of residence in the correctional institution and bad hand hygiene emerged as prominent risk factors for this colonization. An antibiogram categorized the isolated strains into six phenotypes, with a predominance of two antibiotic-resistant patterns suggesting cross-contamination and the presence of local foci of dissemination. Conclusions: Taif Social Correctional Center residents exhibited a higher prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization than was found in similar institutions. Poor personal hygiene and infection control measures are likely the major contributors to the problem. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/14999Community-acquiredcorrectional institutionsmethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusMRSA
spellingShingle Khalid Jamaan Alzahrani
Emad Mohamed Eed
Khalaf Faisal Alsharif
Mazen Mohamed Almehmadi
Saud Faisal Alotaibi
Fahad Abdullah Al-Ghamdi
Alwaleed Abdullah Almuwalld
Salem Hamed Alamri
Taisir Saber
Prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taif social correctional center, Saudi Arabia
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
Community-acquired
correctional institutions
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
MRSA
title Prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taif social correctional center, Saudi Arabia
title_full Prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taif social correctional center, Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr Prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taif social correctional center, Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taif social correctional center, Saudi Arabia
title_short Prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taif social correctional center, Saudi Arabia
title_sort prevalence of community acquired methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus in taif social correctional center saudi arabia
topic Community-acquired
correctional institutions
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
MRSA
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/14999
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