Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Global Work Efficiency in Obese Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction—A Pilot Study

<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Obesity is increasingly common among patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), potentially influencing both clinical evaluation and outcomes. Traditional echocardiographic metrics may be suboptimal for prognosis estimation in th...

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Main Authors: Alexandra-Cătălina Frișan, Marius Simonescu, Mihai-Andrei Lazăr, Simina Crișan, Aniko Mornoș, Raluca Șoșdean, Andreea-Roxana Morar, Daniel-Miron Brie, Constantin-Tudor Luca, Cristian Mornoș
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Diagnostics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/12/1512
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author Alexandra-Cătălina Frișan
Marius Simonescu
Mihai-Andrei Lazăr
Simina Crișan
Aniko Mornoș
Raluca Șoșdean
Andreea-Roxana Morar
Daniel-Miron Brie
Constantin-Tudor Luca
Cristian Mornoș
author_facet Alexandra-Cătălina Frișan
Marius Simonescu
Mihai-Andrei Lazăr
Simina Crișan
Aniko Mornoș
Raluca Șoșdean
Andreea-Roxana Morar
Daniel-Miron Brie
Constantin-Tudor Luca
Cristian Mornoș
author_sort Alexandra-Cătălina Frișan
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Obesity is increasingly common among patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), potentially influencing both clinical evaluation and outcomes. Traditional echocardiographic metrics may be suboptimal for prognosis estimation in this population. Left ventricular myocardial work (LVMW) represents an emerging, load-adjusted marker of myocardial performance. This study aimed to assess the prognostic relevance of LVMW in obese STEMI patients. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 143 patients presenting with STEMI were prospectively enrolled and categorized based on their obesity status (body mass index ≥30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). LVMW parameters were measured using echocardiography within 72 ± 24 h of hospital admission. The patients were monitored for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as cardiovascular death, malignant ventricular arrhythmias, or unplanned hospitalizations due to heart failure or acute coronary syndrome. <b>Results:</b> During a median follow-up of 13 months (interquartile range: 6–28 months), MACE occurred in 30 patients (21%). Among obese individuals, left ventricular global work efficiency (LVGWE) emerged as the most robust predictor of adverse events, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.736 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.559–0.914; <i>p</i> = 0.009). A threshold value of 79% for LVGWE was identified as optimal for predicting MACE. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed significantly lower event rates in obese patients with LVGWE ≥79% (log-rank <i>p</i> = 0.006). In univariate Cox regression analysis, LVGWE <79% was associated with a markedly elevated risk of MACE in obese patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.59; 95% CI: 1.33–23.50; <i>p</i> = 0.019), and remained a significant predictor in the overall cohort (HR = 2.73; 95% CI: 1.26–5.90; <i>p</i> = 0.010). <b>Conclusions:</b> LVGWE demonstrates strong prognostic utility in STEMI, particularly among obese patients. The incorporation of myocardial work indices into routine evaluation may enhance risk stratification and guide management in this high-risk subgroup.
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spelling doaj-art-8698b27207484a2d8f0f99093af4fe152025-08-20T03:27:14ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182025-06-011512151210.3390/diagnostics15121512Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Global Work Efficiency in Obese Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction—A Pilot StudyAlexandra-Cătălina Frișan0Marius Simonescu1Mihai-Andrei Lazăr2Simina Crișan3Aniko Mornoș4Raluca Șoșdean5Andreea-Roxana Morar6Daniel-Miron Brie7Constantin-Tudor Luca8Cristian Mornoș9Cardiology Department, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaCardiology Department, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaCardiology Department, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaCardiology Department, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaInstitute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 13A Gheorghe Adam Street, 300310 Timișoara, RomaniaCardiology Department, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaInstitute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 13A Gheorghe Adam Street, 300310 Timișoara, RomaniaInstitute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 13A Gheorghe Adam Street, 300310 Timișoara, RomaniaCardiology Department, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaCardiology Department, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timișoara, Romania<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Obesity is increasingly common among patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), potentially influencing both clinical evaluation and outcomes. Traditional echocardiographic metrics may be suboptimal for prognosis estimation in this population. Left ventricular myocardial work (LVMW) represents an emerging, load-adjusted marker of myocardial performance. This study aimed to assess the prognostic relevance of LVMW in obese STEMI patients. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 143 patients presenting with STEMI were prospectively enrolled and categorized based on their obesity status (body mass index ≥30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). LVMW parameters were measured using echocardiography within 72 ± 24 h of hospital admission. The patients were monitored for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as cardiovascular death, malignant ventricular arrhythmias, or unplanned hospitalizations due to heart failure or acute coronary syndrome. <b>Results:</b> During a median follow-up of 13 months (interquartile range: 6–28 months), MACE occurred in 30 patients (21%). Among obese individuals, left ventricular global work efficiency (LVGWE) emerged as the most robust predictor of adverse events, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.736 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.559–0.914; <i>p</i> = 0.009). A threshold value of 79% for LVGWE was identified as optimal for predicting MACE. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed significantly lower event rates in obese patients with LVGWE ≥79% (log-rank <i>p</i> = 0.006). In univariate Cox regression analysis, LVGWE <79% was associated with a markedly elevated risk of MACE in obese patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.59; 95% CI: 1.33–23.50; <i>p</i> = 0.019), and remained a significant predictor in the overall cohort (HR = 2.73; 95% CI: 1.26–5.90; <i>p</i> = 0.010). <b>Conclusions:</b> LVGWE demonstrates strong prognostic utility in STEMI, particularly among obese patients. The incorporation of myocardial work indices into routine evaluation may enhance risk stratification and guide management in this high-risk subgroup.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/12/1512myocardial infarctionobesitymyocardial workglobal work efficiencyechocardiographymajor adverse cardiac events
spellingShingle Alexandra-Cătălina Frișan
Marius Simonescu
Mihai-Andrei Lazăr
Simina Crișan
Aniko Mornoș
Raluca Șoșdean
Andreea-Roxana Morar
Daniel-Miron Brie
Constantin-Tudor Luca
Cristian Mornoș
Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Global Work Efficiency in Obese Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction—A Pilot Study
Diagnostics
myocardial infarction
obesity
myocardial work
global work efficiency
echocardiography
major adverse cardiac events
title Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Global Work Efficiency in Obese Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction—A Pilot Study
title_full Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Global Work Efficiency in Obese Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction—A Pilot Study
title_fullStr Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Global Work Efficiency in Obese Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction—A Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Global Work Efficiency in Obese Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction—A Pilot Study
title_short Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Global Work Efficiency in Obese Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction—A Pilot Study
title_sort prognostic significance of left ventricular global work efficiency in obese patients with acute st segment elevation myocardial infarction a pilot study
topic myocardial infarction
obesity
myocardial work
global work efficiency
echocardiography
major adverse cardiac events
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/12/1512
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