IoMT Architecture for Fully Automated Point-of-Care Molecular Diagnostic Device

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is revolutionizing healthcare by integrating smart diagnostic devices with cloud computing and real-time data analytics. The emergence of infectious diseases, including COVID-19, underscores the need for rapid and decentralized diagnostics to facilitate early in...

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Main Authors: Min-Gin Kim, Byeong-Heon Kil, Mun-Ho Ryu, Jong-Dae Kim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/14/4426
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author Min-Gin Kim
Byeong-Heon Kil
Mun-Ho Ryu
Jong-Dae Kim
author_facet Min-Gin Kim
Byeong-Heon Kil
Mun-Ho Ryu
Jong-Dae Kim
author_sort Min-Gin Kim
collection DOAJ
description The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is revolutionizing healthcare by integrating smart diagnostic devices with cloud computing and real-time data analytics. The emergence of infectious diseases, including COVID-19, underscores the need for rapid and decentralized diagnostics to facilitate early intervention. Traditional centralized laboratory testing introduces delays, limiting timely medical responses. While point-of-care molecular diagnostic (POC-MD) systems offer an alternative, challenges remain in cost, accessibility, and network inefficiencies. This study proposes an IoMT-based architecture for fully automated POC-MD devices, leveraging WebSockets for optimized communication, enhancing microfluidic cartridge efficiency, and integrating a hardware-based emulator for real-time validation. The system incorporates DNA extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction functionalities into modular, networked components, improving flexibility and scalability. Although the system itself has not yet undergone clinical validation, it builds upon the core cartridge and detection architecture of a previously validated cartridge-based platform for <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> (CT/NG). These pathogens were selected due to their global prevalence, high asymptomatic transmission rates, and clinical importance in reproductive health. In a previous clinical study involving 510 patient specimens, the system demonstrated high concordance with a commercial assay with limits of detection below 10 copies/μL, supporting the feasibility of this architecture for point-of-care molecular diagnostics. By addressing existing limitations, this system establishes a new standard for next-generation diagnostics, ensuring rapid, reliable, and accessible disease detection.
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spelling doaj-art-8696fb86636740d78540540de72b94bd2025-08-20T03:56:46ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-07-012514442610.3390/s25144426IoMT Architecture for Fully Automated Point-of-Care Molecular Diagnostic DeviceMin-Gin Kim0Byeong-Heon Kil1Mun-Ho Ryu2Jong-Dae Kim3Thermo Fisher Scientific, South San Francisco, CA 90080, USASchool of Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Republic of KoreaDivision of Biomedical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of KoreaSchool of Software, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si 24252, Republic of KoreaThe Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is revolutionizing healthcare by integrating smart diagnostic devices with cloud computing and real-time data analytics. The emergence of infectious diseases, including COVID-19, underscores the need for rapid and decentralized diagnostics to facilitate early intervention. Traditional centralized laboratory testing introduces delays, limiting timely medical responses. While point-of-care molecular diagnostic (POC-MD) systems offer an alternative, challenges remain in cost, accessibility, and network inefficiencies. This study proposes an IoMT-based architecture for fully automated POC-MD devices, leveraging WebSockets for optimized communication, enhancing microfluidic cartridge efficiency, and integrating a hardware-based emulator for real-time validation. The system incorporates DNA extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction functionalities into modular, networked components, improving flexibility and scalability. Although the system itself has not yet undergone clinical validation, it builds upon the core cartridge and detection architecture of a previously validated cartridge-based platform for <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> (CT/NG). These pathogens were selected due to their global prevalence, high asymptomatic transmission rates, and clinical importance in reproductive health. In a previous clinical study involving 510 patient specimens, the system demonstrated high concordance with a commercial assay with limits of detection below 10 copies/μL, supporting the feasibility of this architecture for point-of-care molecular diagnostics. By addressing existing limitations, this system establishes a new standard for next-generation diagnostics, ensuring rapid, reliable, and accessible disease detection.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/14/4426Internet of Medical Thingspoint-of-care diagnosticsmolecular diagnosticsreal-time PCRcloud-based architectureWebSockets
spellingShingle Min-Gin Kim
Byeong-Heon Kil
Mun-Ho Ryu
Jong-Dae Kim
IoMT Architecture for Fully Automated Point-of-Care Molecular Diagnostic Device
Sensors
Internet of Medical Things
point-of-care diagnostics
molecular diagnostics
real-time PCR
cloud-based architecture
WebSockets
title IoMT Architecture for Fully Automated Point-of-Care Molecular Diagnostic Device
title_full IoMT Architecture for Fully Automated Point-of-Care Molecular Diagnostic Device
title_fullStr IoMT Architecture for Fully Automated Point-of-Care Molecular Diagnostic Device
title_full_unstemmed IoMT Architecture for Fully Automated Point-of-Care Molecular Diagnostic Device
title_short IoMT Architecture for Fully Automated Point-of-Care Molecular Diagnostic Device
title_sort iomt architecture for fully automated point of care molecular diagnostic device
topic Internet of Medical Things
point-of-care diagnostics
molecular diagnostics
real-time PCR
cloud-based architecture
WebSockets
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/14/4426
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