Electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite immobilization material for potential cytosensor fabrication
Aim: The biorecognition unit of an electrochemical biosensor requires molecules that are immobilised to serve as a bridge between the recognition unit and the transducing surface. Unique materials that enhance immobilisation of biorecognition molecules and improve electrochemical signal transduction...
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| Language: | English |
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Open Exploration
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Exploration of Drug Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/A100821/100821.pdf |
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| author | Dennis Adusei Bernard O. Asimeng Francis D. Krampa Elvis K. Tiburu |
| author_facet | Dennis Adusei Bernard O. Asimeng Francis D. Krampa Elvis K. Tiburu |
| author_sort | Dennis Adusei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aim: The biorecognition unit of an electrochemical biosensor requires molecules that are immobilised to serve as a bridge between the recognition unit and the transducing surface. Unique materials that enhance immobilisation of biorecognition molecules and improve electrochemical signal transduction are important in overcoming challenges based on the sensitivity of biosensors. In this regard, the electrochemical properties (EPs) of hydroxyapatite (HAp) material for the direct immobilisation of cells was investigated. Methods: Snail shell HAp (SHAp) material was synthesised from Achatina achatina snail shells and phosphate-containing solutions. The SHAp material was characterised using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy to determine the structural configuration, after which it was blended with a conductive polymer [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly-4-styrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS)] to improve the electrochemical responses. The SHAp/PEDOT: PSS blend was used to modify a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) by drop-casting, followed by seeding of pheochromocytoma (PC 12) and human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells on the modified SPCE to record the EP using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Red blood cells (RBCs) were used as a control. Results: The CV analysis showed lower peak currents for HEK 293T (50 µA) and PC 12 (120 µA) compared to the RBC (230 µA). Also, the EIS showed impedance values of 0.70 for HEK 293T, 0.62 for PC 12, and 0.52 mΩ for RBC. The findings indicate that SHAp/PEDOT: PSS enables the differentiation of cell proliferation signals through voltammetric and impedimetric measurements. Conclusions: The unique current and impedance differences among the cells could serve as potential markers for rapid cell detection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8684bf70316049f7bb5db3985868f344 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2836-7677 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Open Exploration |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Exploration of Drug Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-8684bf70316049f7bb5db3985868f3442025-02-08T03:49:04ZengOpen ExplorationExploration of Drug Science2836-76772023-09-011529931110.37349/eds.2023.00021Electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite immobilization material for potential cytosensor fabricationDennis Adusei0https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0951-6232Bernard O. Asimeng1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4847-450XFrancis D. Krampa2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5011-8686Elvis K. Tiburu3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1259-5254Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 77, GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 77, GhanaDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, CB3 0AS Cambridge, UKDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 77, Ghana; School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney New NSW 2052, AustraliaAim: The biorecognition unit of an electrochemical biosensor requires molecules that are immobilised to serve as a bridge between the recognition unit and the transducing surface. Unique materials that enhance immobilisation of biorecognition molecules and improve electrochemical signal transduction are important in overcoming challenges based on the sensitivity of biosensors. In this regard, the electrochemical properties (EPs) of hydroxyapatite (HAp) material for the direct immobilisation of cells was investigated. Methods: Snail shell HAp (SHAp) material was synthesised from Achatina achatina snail shells and phosphate-containing solutions. The SHAp material was characterised using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy to determine the structural configuration, after which it was blended with a conductive polymer [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly-4-styrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS)] to improve the electrochemical responses. The SHAp/PEDOT: PSS blend was used to modify a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) by drop-casting, followed by seeding of pheochromocytoma (PC 12) and human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293T cells on the modified SPCE to record the EP using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Red blood cells (RBCs) were used as a control. Results: The CV analysis showed lower peak currents for HEK 293T (50 µA) and PC 12 (120 µA) compared to the RBC (230 µA). Also, the EIS showed impedance values of 0.70 for HEK 293T, 0.62 for PC 12, and 0.52 mΩ for RBC. The findings indicate that SHAp/PEDOT: PSS enables the differentiation of cell proliferation signals through voltammetric and impedimetric measurements. Conclusions: The unique current and impedance differences among the cells could serve as potential markers for rapid cell detection.https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/A100821/100821.pdfconductive polymerselectrochemical detectionlabel-free cell biosensinghydroxyapatiteimmobilization |
| spellingShingle | Dennis Adusei Bernard O. Asimeng Francis D. Krampa Elvis K. Tiburu Electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite immobilization material for potential cytosensor fabrication Exploration of Drug Science conductive polymers electrochemical detection label-free cell biosensing hydroxyapatite immobilization |
| title | Electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite immobilization material for potential cytosensor fabrication |
| title_full | Electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite immobilization material for potential cytosensor fabrication |
| title_fullStr | Electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite immobilization material for potential cytosensor fabrication |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite immobilization material for potential cytosensor fabrication |
| title_short | Electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite immobilization material for potential cytosensor fabrication |
| title_sort | electrochemical properties of hydroxyapatite immobilization material for potential cytosensor fabrication |
| topic | conductive polymers electrochemical detection label-free cell biosensing hydroxyapatite immobilization |
| url | https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/A100821/100821.pdf |
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