An Analysis of Arrays with Irregular Apertures in MEMS Smart Glasses for the Improvement of Clear View
An innovative glass substrate surface technology including integrated micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) is presented as an advanced light modulation, heat control, and energy management system. This smart technology is based on millions of metallic micromirrors per square meter fabricated on t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/16/2/176 |
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| author | Roland Donatiello Mustaqim Siddi Que Iskhandar Md Kamrul Hasan Philipp Kästner Muhammad Hasnain Qasim Jiahao Chen Shilby Baby Basma Elsaka Guilin Xu Hartmut Hillmer |
| author_facet | Roland Donatiello Mustaqim Siddi Que Iskhandar Md Kamrul Hasan Philipp Kästner Muhammad Hasnain Qasim Jiahao Chen Shilby Baby Basma Elsaka Guilin Xu Hartmut Hillmer |
| author_sort | Roland Donatiello |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An innovative glass substrate surface technology including integrated micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) is presented as an advanced light modulation, heat control, and energy management system. This smart technology is based on millions of metallic micromirrors per square meter fabricated on the glass surface, which are arranged in arrays and electrostatically actuated. The smart window application exploits an elaborate MEMS glass technology for active daylight steering and energy management in buildings, enabling energy saving, CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction, a positive health impact, and improved well-being. When light interacts with a glass substrate that has regular, repetitive patterning at the microscopic scale on its surface, these microstructures can cause the diffraction of the transmitted light, resulting in the potential deterioration of the view quality through the smart glass. A reduction in optical artifacts for improved clear view is presented by using irregular geometric micromirror apertures. Several non-periodic, irregular micromirror aperture designs are compared with corresponding periodic regular designs. For each considered aperture geometry, the irregular array reveals a reduction in optical artifacts and, therefore, by far a clearer view than the corresponding regular array. A systematic and comprehensive study was conducted through design, simulation, technological fabrication, experimental characterization, and analysis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-86833e0d1915491cbf08e22b3d4bd1bb |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj-art-86833e0d1915491cbf08e22b3d4bd1bb2025-08-20T03:12:22ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2025-01-0116217610.3390/mi16020176An Analysis of Arrays with Irregular Apertures in MEMS Smart Glasses for the Improvement of Clear ViewRoland Donatiello0Mustaqim Siddi Que Iskhandar1Md Kamrul Hasan2Philipp Kästner3Muhammad Hasnain Qasim4Jiahao Chen5Shilby Baby6Basma Elsaka7Guilin Xu8Hartmut Hillmer9Institute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics (INA) and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, GermanyNanoscale Glasstec GmbH, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, GermanyInstitute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics (INA) and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, GermanyInstitute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics (INA) and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, GermanyInstitute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics (INA) and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, GermanyInstitute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics (INA) and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, GermanyNanoscale Glasstec GmbH, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, GermanyInstitute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics (INA) and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, GermanyNanoscale Glasstec GmbH, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, GermanyInstitute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics (INA) and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132 Kassel, GermanyAn innovative glass substrate surface technology including integrated micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) is presented as an advanced light modulation, heat control, and energy management system. This smart technology is based on millions of metallic micromirrors per square meter fabricated on the glass surface, which are arranged in arrays and electrostatically actuated. The smart window application exploits an elaborate MEMS glass technology for active daylight steering and energy management in buildings, enabling energy saving, CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction, a positive health impact, and improved well-being. When light interacts with a glass substrate that has regular, repetitive patterning at the microscopic scale on its surface, these microstructures can cause the diffraction of the transmitted light, resulting in the potential deterioration of the view quality through the smart glass. A reduction in optical artifacts for improved clear view is presented by using irregular geometric micromirror apertures. Several non-periodic, irregular micromirror aperture designs are compared with corresponding periodic regular designs. For each considered aperture geometry, the irregular array reveals a reduction in optical artifacts and, therefore, by far a clearer view than the corresponding regular array. A systematic and comprehensive study was conducted through design, simulation, technological fabrication, experimental characterization, and analysis.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/16/2/176micromirror arrayssmart glassimproved clear viewirregular apertureslight modulationenergy saving |
| spellingShingle | Roland Donatiello Mustaqim Siddi Que Iskhandar Md Kamrul Hasan Philipp Kästner Muhammad Hasnain Qasim Jiahao Chen Shilby Baby Basma Elsaka Guilin Xu Hartmut Hillmer An Analysis of Arrays with Irregular Apertures in MEMS Smart Glasses for the Improvement of Clear View Micromachines micromirror arrays smart glass improved clear view irregular apertures light modulation energy saving |
| title | An Analysis of Arrays with Irregular Apertures in MEMS Smart Glasses for the Improvement of Clear View |
| title_full | An Analysis of Arrays with Irregular Apertures in MEMS Smart Glasses for the Improvement of Clear View |
| title_fullStr | An Analysis of Arrays with Irregular Apertures in MEMS Smart Glasses for the Improvement of Clear View |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Analysis of Arrays with Irregular Apertures in MEMS Smart Glasses for the Improvement of Clear View |
| title_short | An Analysis of Arrays with Irregular Apertures in MEMS Smart Glasses for the Improvement of Clear View |
| title_sort | analysis of arrays with irregular apertures in mems smart glasses for the improvement of clear view |
| topic | micromirror arrays smart glass improved clear view irregular apertures light modulation energy saving |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/16/2/176 |
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