Autophagy disruption and mitochondrial stress precede photoreceptor necroptosis in multiple mouse models of inherited retinal disorders

Abstract Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a leading cause of blindness worldwide. One of the greatest barriers to developing treatments for IRDs is the heterogeneity of these disorders, with causative mutations identified in over 280 genes. It is therefore a priority to find therapies applicabl...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Fay Newton, Mihail Halachev, Linda Nguyen, Lisa McKie, Pleasantine Mill, Roly Megaw
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59165-8
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850203991180312576
author Fay Newton
Mihail Halachev
Linda Nguyen
Lisa McKie
Pleasantine Mill
Roly Megaw
author_facet Fay Newton
Mihail Halachev
Linda Nguyen
Lisa McKie
Pleasantine Mill
Roly Megaw
author_sort Fay Newton
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a leading cause of blindness worldwide. One of the greatest barriers to developing treatments for IRDs is the heterogeneity of these disorders, with causative mutations identified in over 280 genes. It is therefore a priority to find therapies applicable to a broad range of genetic causes. To do so requires a greater understanding of the common or overlapping molecular pathways that lead to photoreceptor death in IRDs and the molecular processes through which they converge. Here, we characterise the contribution of different cell death mechanisms to photoreceptor degeneration and loss throughout disease progression in humanised mouse models of IRDs. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we identify common transcriptional signatures in degenerating photoreceptors. Further, we show that in genetically and functionally distinct IRD models, common early defects in autophagy and mitochondrial damage exist, triggering photoreceptor cell death by necroptosis in later disease stages. These results suggest that, regardless of the underlying genetic cause, these pathways likely contribute to cell death in IRDs. These insights provide potential therapeutic targets for novel, gene-agnostic treatments for IRDs applicable to the majority of patients.
format Article
id doaj-art-86508e881e6b4c269707dec8ca7acedd
institution OA Journals
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-86508e881e6b4c269707dec8ca7acedd2025-08-20T02:11:22ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-04-0116111510.1038/s41467-025-59165-8Autophagy disruption and mitochondrial stress precede photoreceptor necroptosis in multiple mouse models of inherited retinal disordersFay Newton0Mihail Halachev1Linda Nguyen2Lisa McKie3Pleasantine Mill4Roly Megaw5MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghMRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghMRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghMRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghMRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghMRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghAbstract Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a leading cause of blindness worldwide. One of the greatest barriers to developing treatments for IRDs is the heterogeneity of these disorders, with causative mutations identified in over 280 genes. It is therefore a priority to find therapies applicable to a broad range of genetic causes. To do so requires a greater understanding of the common or overlapping molecular pathways that lead to photoreceptor death in IRDs and the molecular processes through which they converge. Here, we characterise the contribution of different cell death mechanisms to photoreceptor degeneration and loss throughout disease progression in humanised mouse models of IRDs. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we identify common transcriptional signatures in degenerating photoreceptors. Further, we show that in genetically and functionally distinct IRD models, common early defects in autophagy and mitochondrial damage exist, triggering photoreceptor cell death by necroptosis in later disease stages. These results suggest that, regardless of the underlying genetic cause, these pathways likely contribute to cell death in IRDs. These insights provide potential therapeutic targets for novel, gene-agnostic treatments for IRDs applicable to the majority of patients.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59165-8
spellingShingle Fay Newton
Mihail Halachev
Linda Nguyen
Lisa McKie
Pleasantine Mill
Roly Megaw
Autophagy disruption and mitochondrial stress precede photoreceptor necroptosis in multiple mouse models of inherited retinal disorders
Nature Communications
title Autophagy disruption and mitochondrial stress precede photoreceptor necroptosis in multiple mouse models of inherited retinal disorders
title_full Autophagy disruption and mitochondrial stress precede photoreceptor necroptosis in multiple mouse models of inherited retinal disorders
title_fullStr Autophagy disruption and mitochondrial stress precede photoreceptor necroptosis in multiple mouse models of inherited retinal disorders
title_full_unstemmed Autophagy disruption and mitochondrial stress precede photoreceptor necroptosis in multiple mouse models of inherited retinal disorders
title_short Autophagy disruption and mitochondrial stress precede photoreceptor necroptosis in multiple mouse models of inherited retinal disorders
title_sort autophagy disruption and mitochondrial stress precede photoreceptor necroptosis in multiple mouse models of inherited retinal disorders
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59165-8
work_keys_str_mv AT faynewton autophagydisruptionandmitochondrialstressprecedephotoreceptornecroptosisinmultiplemousemodelsofinheritedretinaldisorders
AT mihailhalachev autophagydisruptionandmitochondrialstressprecedephotoreceptornecroptosisinmultiplemousemodelsofinheritedretinaldisorders
AT lindanguyen autophagydisruptionandmitochondrialstressprecedephotoreceptornecroptosisinmultiplemousemodelsofinheritedretinaldisorders
AT lisamckie autophagydisruptionandmitochondrialstressprecedephotoreceptornecroptosisinmultiplemousemodelsofinheritedretinaldisorders
AT pleasantinemill autophagydisruptionandmitochondrialstressprecedephotoreceptornecroptosisinmultiplemousemodelsofinheritedretinaldisorders
AT rolymegaw autophagydisruptionandmitochondrialstressprecedephotoreceptornecroptosisinmultiplemousemodelsofinheritedretinaldisorders