Extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato: evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects in a rheumatoid arthritis animal model, mechanistic studies on inflammatory cells, and development of exosome-based delivery for enhanced targeting
ObjectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease marked by inflammation and joint damage. Anthocyanins, such as those from purple sweet potato are known for their anti-inflammatory effects.MethodsThis study evaluated purple sweet potato anthocyanins (PSPA) therapeutic potential in...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1559874/full |
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| author | Jingjian Dong Jingjian Dong Yuntao Lv Cailiang Zhao Yuanrui Shi Ruiming Tang Liheng He Ruiwen Fan Xiaoyun Jia |
| author_facet | Jingjian Dong Jingjian Dong Yuntao Lv Cailiang Zhao Yuanrui Shi Ruiming Tang Liheng He Ruiwen Fan Xiaoyun Jia |
| author_sort | Jingjian Dong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease marked by inflammation and joint damage. Anthocyanins, such as those from purple sweet potato are known for their anti-inflammatory effects.MethodsThis study evaluated purple sweet potato anthocyanins (PSPA) therapeutic potential in RA using Human RA cells (MH7A) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat models. Rats were divided into control, CIA model, and three PSPA treatment groups (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) for 14 days. Meanwhile, exosomes were extracted from MH7A cells and loaded with PSPA, then co-incubated with inflammatory cells to observe the targeting capability of the drug-loaded exosomes.ResultsPSPA significantly reduced joint swelling and structural damage in CIA rats, with the highest dose (40 mg/kg) reducing tissue hyperplasia and inflammatory infiltration. PSPA also altered the gut microbiota, increasing beneficial bacteria like Akkermansia and Lactobacillus. Molecular analysis showed reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and rheumatoid factor (RF). In MH7A cells, PSPA decreased inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-18), inhibited cell proliferation (IC50 = 1.43 μg/mL), and induced apoptosis by modulating Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9. PSPA also restored the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, reversing the suppression seen in CIA models, particularly at 40 mg/kg. Flow cytometry and microscopy confirmed dose-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle modulation. Meanwhile the PSPA-loaded exosomes demonstrated a high targeting capability toward inflammatory cells.ConclusionThese findings indicate that PSPA can alleviate RA symptoms by reducing inflammation, modulating gut microbiota, and promoting apoptosis in synovial fibroblasts, with exosome-encapsulated anthocyanins enhancing its targeting efficiency. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-861844d64d2c4aa68e66f6b199137774 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-861844d64d2c4aa68e66f6b1991377742025-08-20T03:45:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-06-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15598741559874Extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato: evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects in a rheumatoid arthritis animal model, mechanistic studies on inflammatory cells, and development of exosome-based delivery for enhanced targetingJingjian Dong0Jingjian Dong1Yuntao Lv2Cailiang Zhao3Yuanrui Shi4Ruiming Tang5Liheng He6Ruiwen Fan7Xiaoyun Jia8College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, ChinaCollege of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, ChinaObjectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease marked by inflammation and joint damage. Anthocyanins, such as those from purple sweet potato are known for their anti-inflammatory effects.MethodsThis study evaluated purple sweet potato anthocyanins (PSPA) therapeutic potential in RA using Human RA cells (MH7A) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat models. Rats were divided into control, CIA model, and three PSPA treatment groups (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) for 14 days. Meanwhile, exosomes were extracted from MH7A cells and loaded with PSPA, then co-incubated with inflammatory cells to observe the targeting capability of the drug-loaded exosomes.ResultsPSPA significantly reduced joint swelling and structural damage in CIA rats, with the highest dose (40 mg/kg) reducing tissue hyperplasia and inflammatory infiltration. PSPA also altered the gut microbiota, increasing beneficial bacteria like Akkermansia and Lactobacillus. Molecular analysis showed reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and rheumatoid factor (RF). In MH7A cells, PSPA decreased inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-18), inhibited cell proliferation (IC50 = 1.43 μg/mL), and induced apoptosis by modulating Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9. PSPA also restored the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, reversing the suppression seen in CIA models, particularly at 40 mg/kg. Flow cytometry and microscopy confirmed dose-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle modulation. Meanwhile the PSPA-loaded exosomes demonstrated a high targeting capability toward inflammatory cells.ConclusionThese findings indicate that PSPA can alleviate RA symptoms by reducing inflammation, modulating gut microbiota, and promoting apoptosis in synovial fibroblasts, with exosome-encapsulated anthocyanins enhancing its targeting efficiency.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1559874/fullanthocyaninpurple sweet potatorheumatoid arthritisgut microbiomeexosomes |
| spellingShingle | Jingjian Dong Jingjian Dong Yuntao Lv Cailiang Zhao Yuanrui Shi Ruiming Tang Liheng He Ruiwen Fan Xiaoyun Jia Extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato: evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects in a rheumatoid arthritis animal model, mechanistic studies on inflammatory cells, and development of exosome-based delivery for enhanced targeting Frontiers in Immunology anthocyanin purple sweet potato rheumatoid arthritis gut microbiome exosomes |
| title | Extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato: evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects in a rheumatoid arthritis animal model, mechanistic studies on inflammatory cells, and development of exosome-based delivery for enhanced targeting |
| title_full | Extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato: evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects in a rheumatoid arthritis animal model, mechanistic studies on inflammatory cells, and development of exosome-based delivery for enhanced targeting |
| title_fullStr | Extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato: evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects in a rheumatoid arthritis animal model, mechanistic studies on inflammatory cells, and development of exosome-based delivery for enhanced targeting |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato: evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects in a rheumatoid arthritis animal model, mechanistic studies on inflammatory cells, and development of exosome-based delivery for enhanced targeting |
| title_short | Extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato: evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects in a rheumatoid arthritis animal model, mechanistic studies on inflammatory cells, and development of exosome-based delivery for enhanced targeting |
| title_sort | extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato evaluation of anti inflammatory effects in a rheumatoid arthritis animal model mechanistic studies on inflammatory cells and development of exosome based delivery for enhanced targeting |
| topic | anthocyanin purple sweet potato rheumatoid arthritis gut microbiome exosomes |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1559874/full |
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