Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approach
Trematodiases strongly reduce the welfare of humans and animals causing a great decline in health and productivity. Insufficient data on the extent of trematode infection in definitive hosts and associated risk factors remain a great threat to its control. A cross-sectional study was conducted to es...
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424001184 |
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| author | Daisy Namirembe Tine Huyse Rapheal Wangalwa Julius Tumusiime Casim Umba Tolo |
| author_facet | Daisy Namirembe Tine Huyse Rapheal Wangalwa Julius Tumusiime Casim Umba Tolo |
| author_sort | Daisy Namirembe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Trematodiases strongly reduce the welfare of humans and animals causing a great decline in health and productivity. Insufficient data on the extent of trematode infection in definitive hosts and associated risk factors remain a great threat to its control. A cross-sectional study was conducted to establish the; prevalence of liver flukes and schistosomes in livestock and wild mammals and the socio-ecological risk factors associated with their spread. Fresh dung samples were collected opportunistically (n = 865) and examined using formal ether sedimentation and microscopy for parasite eggs. Twelve abattoir visits were conducted to examine the livers of animals killed for mature flukes. Key informants (n = 110) including farmers, butchers, game rangers, and herders were interviewed to document the socio-ecological risk factors. In the abattoirs, 57.1%(CI 0.422–0.712) of cattle were infected with Fasciola flukes and not sheep and goats. Cattle dung had the highest prevalence (56% CI 0.518–0.604) of Fasciola eggs, followed by sheep (50%, CI 0.319–0.681) and goats (28.2%, CI 0.218–0.353). Among wild mammals, hippos' dung (66%; 95% CI 0.53–0.777) had the highest prevalence of Fasciola followed by warthogs (8%; 95% CI 0.002–0.385) and baboons (6.7%; CI 0.002–0.319). No Fasciola eggs were observed in elephant dung (n = 21) and monkeys (n = 2). Schistosoma bovis was found in cattle dung from Mpeefu (2.6%; 95% CI 0.007–0.066) and Ndaiga (4.3%; 95% CI 0.022–0.075) while S. mattheei in goats’ (1.4%; 95% CI 0.00–0.075) and cattle (0.39%; 95% CI 0.00–0.021) dung samples from Ndaiga. Key informants had moderate knowledge of fasciolosis (62.7%), highest among butchers (89.7%), and lowest among herders (31.8%). Only veterinary officers knew about schistosomiasis in animals. Free-range grazing and unsafe water sources for livestock, shared with wild animals, were the risky practices by most farmers (66–100%). Fasciola was prevalent in livestock and wild mammals, while Schistosoma in cattle and goats. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8617f1f22db140c5b9f87669c536d5d1 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2213-2244 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife |
| spelling | doaj-art-8617f1f22db140c5b9f87669c536d5d12025-08-20T01:59:03ZengElsevierInternational Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife2213-22442024-12-012510102210.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.101022Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approachDaisy Namirembe0Tine Huyse1Rapheal Wangalwa2Julius Tumusiime3Casim Umba Tolo4Department of Biology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda; Corresponding author.Department of Biology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, BelgiumDepartment of Biology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, UgandaDepartment of Biology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, UgandaDepartment of Biology, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, UgandaTrematodiases strongly reduce the welfare of humans and animals causing a great decline in health and productivity. Insufficient data on the extent of trematode infection in definitive hosts and associated risk factors remain a great threat to its control. A cross-sectional study was conducted to establish the; prevalence of liver flukes and schistosomes in livestock and wild mammals and the socio-ecological risk factors associated with their spread. Fresh dung samples were collected opportunistically (n = 865) and examined using formal ether sedimentation and microscopy for parasite eggs. Twelve abattoir visits were conducted to examine the livers of animals killed for mature flukes. Key informants (n = 110) including farmers, butchers, game rangers, and herders were interviewed to document the socio-ecological risk factors. In the abattoirs, 57.1%(CI 0.422–0.712) of cattle were infected with Fasciola flukes and not sheep and goats. Cattle dung had the highest prevalence (56% CI 0.518–0.604) of Fasciola eggs, followed by sheep (50%, CI 0.319–0.681) and goats (28.2%, CI 0.218–0.353). Among wild mammals, hippos' dung (66%; 95% CI 0.53–0.777) had the highest prevalence of Fasciola followed by warthogs (8%; 95% CI 0.002–0.385) and baboons (6.7%; CI 0.002–0.319). No Fasciola eggs were observed in elephant dung (n = 21) and monkeys (n = 2). Schistosoma bovis was found in cattle dung from Mpeefu (2.6%; 95% CI 0.007–0.066) and Ndaiga (4.3%; 95% CI 0.022–0.075) while S. mattheei in goats’ (1.4%; 95% CI 0.00–0.075) and cattle (0.39%; 95% CI 0.00–0.021) dung samples from Ndaiga. Key informants had moderate knowledge of fasciolosis (62.7%), highest among butchers (89.7%), and lowest among herders (31.8%). Only veterinary officers knew about schistosomiasis in animals. Free-range grazing and unsafe water sources for livestock, shared with wild animals, were the risky practices by most farmers (66–100%). Fasciola was prevalent in livestock and wild mammals, while Schistosoma in cattle and goats.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424001184Schistosoma bovisSchistosoma mattheeiFasciolaLivestock-wild mammal interactionCross-infectionZoonosis |
| spellingShingle | Daisy Namirembe Tine Huyse Rapheal Wangalwa Julius Tumusiime Casim Umba Tolo Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approach International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife Schistosoma bovis Schistosoma mattheei Fasciola Livestock-wild mammal interaction Cross-infection Zoonosis |
| title | Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approach |
| title_full | Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approach |
| title_fullStr | Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approach |
| title_short | Liver fluke and schistosome cross-infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in Western Uganda, a One Health approach |
| title_sort | liver fluke and schistosome cross infection risk between livestock and wild mammals in western uganda a one health approach |
| topic | Schistosoma bovis Schistosoma mattheei Fasciola Livestock-wild mammal interaction Cross-infection Zoonosis |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213224424001184 |
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