The upper forest limit and the fate of bird assemblages in high-Andean páramo ecosystems in the Northern Andes

The altitudinal shift of the Upper Forest Limit is a key driver of expansion and contraction cycles in high Andean páramo ecosystems above the treeline. While this historical process is well understood, its effects on páramo fragmentation—and the subsequent impact on avian richness and composition—r...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jhon jairo Calderón Leyton, Rubén Darío Palacio, Raul Ernesto Sedano-Cruz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Global Ecology and Conservation
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351989425001635
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