Reduction reactions dominate the interactions between Mg alloys and cells: Understanding the mechanisms
Magnesium (Mg) alloys are popular biodegradable metals studied for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications, mainly because Mg ions are essential trace elements known to promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis. However, Mg corrosion consists of oxidation and reduction reactions that produce by-produ...
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| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Bioactive Materials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X24005048 |
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| author | Jua Kim Jeremy L. Gilbert William W. Lv Ping Du Haobo Pan |
| author_facet | Jua Kim Jeremy L. Gilbert William W. Lv Ping Du Haobo Pan |
| author_sort | Jua Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Magnesium (Mg) alloys are popular biodegradable metals studied for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications, mainly because Mg ions are essential trace elements known to promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis. However, Mg corrosion consists of oxidation and reduction reactions that produce by-products, such as hydrogen gas, reactive oxygen species, and hydroxides. It is still unclear how all these by-products and Mg ions concomitantly alter the microenvironment and cell behaviors spatially and temporally. This study shows that Mg corrosion can enhance cell proliferation by reducing intracellular ROS. However, Mg cannot decrease ROS and promote cell proliferation in simulated inflammatory conditions, meaning the microenvironment is critical. Furthermore, cells may respond to Mg ions differently in chronic or acute alkaline pH or oxidative stress. Depending on the corrosion rate, Mg modulates HIF1α and many signaling pathways like PI3K/AKT/mTOR, mitophagy, cell cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, this study provides a fundamental insight into the importance of reduction reactions in Mg alloys. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-85fa0f29e1d5411ab91d0e5c3001bedf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2452-199X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioactive Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-85fa0f29e1d5411ab91d0e5c3001bedf2025-01-26T05:04:23ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Bioactive Materials2452-199X2025-03-0145363387Reduction reactions dominate the interactions between Mg alloys and cells: Understanding the mechanismsJua Kim0Jeremy L. Gilbert1William W. Lv2Ping Du3Haobo Pan4Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomaterials, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, 318 Bowne Hall, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USASyracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, 318 Bowne Hall, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA; Clemson- Medical University of South Carolina Bioengineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 68 Presidents St, Charleston, SC, 39425, USADepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, PR ChinaShenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomaterials, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Corresponding author. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomaterials, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomaterials, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China; Shenzhen Healthemes Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, 518102, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830054, PR China; Corresponding author. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomaterials, CAS-HK Joint Lab of Biomaterials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.Magnesium (Mg) alloys are popular biodegradable metals studied for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications, mainly because Mg ions are essential trace elements known to promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis. However, Mg corrosion consists of oxidation and reduction reactions that produce by-products, such as hydrogen gas, reactive oxygen species, and hydroxides. It is still unclear how all these by-products and Mg ions concomitantly alter the microenvironment and cell behaviors spatially and temporally. This study shows that Mg corrosion can enhance cell proliferation by reducing intracellular ROS. However, Mg cannot decrease ROS and promote cell proliferation in simulated inflammatory conditions, meaning the microenvironment is critical. Furthermore, cells may respond to Mg ions differently in chronic or acute alkaline pH or oxidative stress. Depending on the corrosion rate, Mg modulates HIF1α and many signaling pathways like PI3K/AKT/mTOR, mitophagy, cell cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, this study provides a fundamental insight into the importance of reduction reactions in Mg alloys.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X24005048Magnesium alloysElectrochemical reactionsMg ionsAlkaline pHReactive oxygen species |
| spellingShingle | Jua Kim Jeremy L. Gilbert William W. Lv Ping Du Haobo Pan Reduction reactions dominate the interactions between Mg alloys and cells: Understanding the mechanisms Bioactive Materials Magnesium alloys Electrochemical reactions Mg ions Alkaline pH Reactive oxygen species |
| title | Reduction reactions dominate the interactions between Mg alloys and cells: Understanding the mechanisms |
| title_full | Reduction reactions dominate the interactions between Mg alloys and cells: Understanding the mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | Reduction reactions dominate the interactions between Mg alloys and cells: Understanding the mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reduction reactions dominate the interactions between Mg alloys and cells: Understanding the mechanisms |
| title_short | Reduction reactions dominate the interactions between Mg alloys and cells: Understanding the mechanisms |
| title_sort | reduction reactions dominate the interactions between mg alloys and cells understanding the mechanisms |
| topic | Magnesium alloys Electrochemical reactions Mg ions Alkaline pH Reactive oxygen species |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452199X24005048 |
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