A cross-sectional survey of the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of infection with some gastrointestinal parasites of fishes in Hadejia River, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Objective: This study aims to determine the gastrointestinal parasitic fauna of freshwater fish species of the Hadejia River and their associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: We identified the fish in the laboratory using standard identification keys. Intestinal contents were examined for pa...

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Main Authors: Nkiru Charity Eberemu, Tolulope Ebenezer Atalabi, Jibrin Muhammad
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Network for the Veterinarians of Bangladesh 2025-07-01
Series:Veterinary Research Notes
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=208133
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author Nkiru Charity Eberemu
Tolulope Ebenezer Atalabi
Jibrin Muhammad
author_facet Nkiru Charity Eberemu
Tolulope Ebenezer Atalabi
Jibrin Muhammad
author_sort Nkiru Charity Eberemu
collection DOAJ
description Objective: This study aims to determine the gastrointestinal parasitic fauna of freshwater fish species of the Hadejia River and their associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: We identified the fish in the laboratory using standard identification keys. Intestinal contents were examined for parasites under a low-power binocular microscope. Results: An overall prevalence and mean intensity of 18.22% (14.95–21.47) and 2.01 parasites/fish were recorded, respectively. Malapterurus electricus and Mormyrus rume had the highest prevalence [94.54% (88.54–100)] and mean intensity (4.43 parasites/fish), respectively. The parasites recovered included Camallanus (49.75%), Bothriocephalus (43.65%), Allocreadium (1.52%), Corynosoma (2.03%), Polynchobothrium (2.03%), and Rhabdochona congolensis (1.02%). Bothriocephalus and Camallanus showed an affinity for two different fish species, while others showed a preference for only one fish species in a coinfection. Fish sex (χ2 = 8.81; p = 0.0030), weight (χ2 = 52.74; p = 0.0001), and species (χ2 = 30.225; p = 0.0001) were found to significantly contribute to gastrointestinal helminthiasis. Female fish were about twice as likely to be infected compared to males [OR (95% CI): 1.99 (1.05–3.77); p = 0.0030]. Fishes in the weight categories 351–700 gm and 701–1,050 gm were found to be approximately 3 times [OR (95 % CI): 2.89 (1.22–6.86)] and 17 times [OR (95 % CI): 17.37 (5.05–19.87)] more likely to be infected, respectively, compared to those ≤350 gm. Conclusion: The study area is hypoendemic for fish gastrointestinal helminthiasis with risk factors such as sex, fish species, and weight. [Vet. Res. Notes 2025; 5(7.000): 61-68]
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spelling doaj-art-85f333544db24be0ac9de429462357f32025-08-20T02:57:48ZengNetwork for the Veterinarians of BangladeshVeterinary Research Notes2790-22182025-07-0157616810.5455/vrn.2025.e58208133A cross-sectional survey of the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of infection with some gastrointestinal parasites of fishes in Hadejia River, Jigawa State, NigeriaNkiru Charity Eberemu0Tolulope Ebenezer Atalabi1Jibrin Muhammad2Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Federal University, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Federal University, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Federal University, Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, Nigeria. & Department of Biological Science, Sule Lamido University, Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, Nigeria.Objective: This study aims to determine the gastrointestinal parasitic fauna of freshwater fish species of the Hadejia River and their associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: We identified the fish in the laboratory using standard identification keys. Intestinal contents were examined for parasites under a low-power binocular microscope. Results: An overall prevalence and mean intensity of 18.22% (14.95–21.47) and 2.01 parasites/fish were recorded, respectively. Malapterurus electricus and Mormyrus rume had the highest prevalence [94.54% (88.54–100)] and mean intensity (4.43 parasites/fish), respectively. The parasites recovered included Camallanus (49.75%), Bothriocephalus (43.65%), Allocreadium (1.52%), Corynosoma (2.03%), Polynchobothrium (2.03%), and Rhabdochona congolensis (1.02%). Bothriocephalus and Camallanus showed an affinity for two different fish species, while others showed a preference for only one fish species in a coinfection. Fish sex (χ2 = 8.81; p = 0.0030), weight (χ2 = 52.74; p = 0.0001), and species (χ2 = 30.225; p = 0.0001) were found to significantly contribute to gastrointestinal helminthiasis. Female fish were about twice as likely to be infected compared to males [OR (95% CI): 1.99 (1.05–3.77); p = 0.0030]. Fishes in the weight categories 351–700 gm and 701–1,050 gm were found to be approximately 3 times [OR (95 % CI): 2.89 (1.22–6.86)] and 17 times [OR (95 % CI): 17.37 (5.05–19.87)] more likely to be infected, respectively, compared to those ≤350 gm. Conclusion: The study area is hypoendemic for fish gastrointestinal helminthiasis with risk factors such as sex, fish species, and weight. [Vet. Res. Notes 2025; 5(7.000): 61-68]http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=208133prevalence; fish; parasites; hadejia; jigawa
spellingShingle Nkiru Charity Eberemu
Tolulope Ebenezer Atalabi
Jibrin Muhammad
A cross-sectional survey of the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of infection with some gastrointestinal parasites of fishes in Hadejia River, Jigawa State, Nigeria
Veterinary Research Notes
prevalence; fish; parasites; hadejia; jigawa
title A cross-sectional survey of the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of infection with some gastrointestinal parasites of fishes in Hadejia River, Jigawa State, Nigeria
title_full A cross-sectional survey of the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of infection with some gastrointestinal parasites of fishes in Hadejia River, Jigawa State, Nigeria
title_fullStr A cross-sectional survey of the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of infection with some gastrointestinal parasites of fishes in Hadejia River, Jigawa State, Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed A cross-sectional survey of the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of infection with some gastrointestinal parasites of fishes in Hadejia River, Jigawa State, Nigeria
title_short A cross-sectional survey of the prevalence, intensity, and risk factors of infection with some gastrointestinal parasites of fishes in Hadejia River, Jigawa State, Nigeria
title_sort cross sectional survey of the prevalence intensity and risk factors of infection with some gastrointestinal parasites of fishes in hadejia river jigawa state nigeria
topic prevalence; fish; parasites; hadejia; jigawa
url http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=208133
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