Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Mass-Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in the Study of Microbiome Mediators—Stress Relationship
The microbiota–gut–brain axis is a complex bidirectional communication system that involves multiple interactions between intestinal functions and the emotional and cognitive centers of the brain. These interactions are mediated by molecules (metabolites) produced in both areas, which are considered...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/2/243 |
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| author | Nicolò Interino Rosalba Vitagliano Federica D’Amico Raffaele Lodi Emanuele Porru Silvia Turroni Jessica Fiori |
| author_facet | Nicolò Interino Rosalba Vitagliano Federica D’Amico Raffaele Lodi Emanuele Porru Silvia Turroni Jessica Fiori |
| author_sort | Nicolò Interino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The microbiota–gut–brain axis is a complex bidirectional communication system that involves multiple interactions between intestinal functions and the emotional and cognitive centers of the brain. These interactions are mediated by molecules (metabolites) produced in both areas, which are considered mediators. To shed light on this complex mechanism, which is still largely unknown, a reliable characterization of the mediators is essential. Here, we review the most studied metabolites in the microbiota–gut–brain axis, the metabolic pathways in which they are involved, and their functions. This review focuses mainly on the use of mass spectrometry for their determination, reporting on the latest analytical methods, their limitations, and future perspectives. The analytical strategy for the qualitative–quantitative characterization of mediators must be reliable in order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the influence of the above-mentioned axis on stress resilience or vulnerability. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-85d23ea4493a419f935c4c04c9bd38f5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-85d23ea4493a419f935c4c04c9bd38f52025-08-20T03:12:08ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2025-02-0115224310.3390/biom15020243Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Mass-Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in the Study of Microbiome Mediators—Stress RelationshipNicolò Interino0Rosalba Vitagliano1Federica D’Amico2Raffaele Lodi3Emanuele Porru4Silvia Turroni5Jessica Fiori6IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, ItalyIRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyIRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, ItalyOccupational Medicine Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, ItalyIRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, 40139 Bologna, ItalyThe microbiota–gut–brain axis is a complex bidirectional communication system that involves multiple interactions between intestinal functions and the emotional and cognitive centers of the brain. These interactions are mediated by molecules (metabolites) produced in both areas, which are considered mediators. To shed light on this complex mechanism, which is still largely unknown, a reliable characterization of the mediators is essential. Here, we review the most studied metabolites in the microbiota–gut–brain axis, the metabolic pathways in which they are involved, and their functions. This review focuses mainly on the use of mass spectrometry for their determination, reporting on the latest analytical methods, their limitations, and future perspectives. The analytical strategy for the qualitative–quantitative characterization of mediators must be reliable in order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the influence of the above-mentioned axis on stress resilience or vulnerability.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/2/243microbiota–gut–brain axismass spectrometrystressmediatorsmetabolomics |
| spellingShingle | Nicolò Interino Rosalba Vitagliano Federica D’Amico Raffaele Lodi Emanuele Porru Silvia Turroni Jessica Fiori Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Mass-Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in the Study of Microbiome Mediators—Stress Relationship Biomolecules microbiota–gut–brain axis mass spectrometry stress mediators metabolomics |
| title | Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Mass-Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in the Study of Microbiome Mediators—Stress Relationship |
| title_full | Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Mass-Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in the Study of Microbiome Mediators—Stress Relationship |
| title_fullStr | Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Mass-Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in the Study of Microbiome Mediators—Stress Relationship |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Mass-Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in the Study of Microbiome Mediators—Stress Relationship |
| title_short | Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Mass-Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in the Study of Microbiome Mediators—Stress Relationship |
| title_sort | microbiota gut brain axis mass spectrometry based metabolomics in the study of microbiome mediators stress relationship |
| topic | microbiota–gut–brain axis mass spectrometry stress mediators metabolomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/2/243 |
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