Vascular Contribution to Cerebral Waste Clearance Affected by Aging or Diabetes
<b>Background:</b> The brain’s vascular system has recently been shown to provide an important efflux pathway for cerebral waste clearance (CWC). However, little is known about the influence of aging or diabetes on the CWC. The aim of the current study is to investigate the vasculature c...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| author | Yimin Shen Li Zhang Guangliang Ding Edward Boyd Jasleen Kaur Qingjiang Li E. Mark Haacke Jiani Hu Quan Jiang |
| author_facet | Yimin Shen Li Zhang Guangliang Ding Edward Boyd Jasleen Kaur Qingjiang Li E. Mark Haacke Jiani Hu Quan Jiang |
| author_sort | Yimin Shen |
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| description | <b>Background:</b> The brain’s vascular system has recently been shown to provide an important efflux pathway for cerebral waste clearance (CWC). However, little is known about the influence of aging or diabetes on the CWC. The aim of the current study is to investigate the vasculature contribution to CWC under aging and diabetic conditions. <b>Methods</b>: Male Wistar rats under aging and diabetic conditions were evaluated using dynamic intra-cisterna superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced susceptibility-weighted imaging (SPIO-SWI). Theoretical analysis of the expected signal intensity using SPIO-SWI was compared with the corresponding dynamic in vivo images. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) was used to evaluate the iron-based tracer concentration in the venous system. <b>Results</b>: Our data demonstrated that the theoretical analysis predicted the dynamic changes in the signal intensity after SPIO infusion. The distinct hyperintense signals due to the lower concentration of the SPIO over time in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and meningeal lymphatic (ML) vessels likely represented the CWC through various efflux pathways, including cerebral vascular and ML vessels. The QSM analysis further revealed reduced CWC from the vasculature in both the aged and diabetic groups compared to the younger group. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our results demonstrated that SPIO-SWI can quantitatively evaluate the CWC efflux contributions from cerebral vascular vessels under aging or diabetic conditions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-85cd4ac378a544e7a232536f3e057e4b |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj-art-85cd4ac378a544e7a232536f3e057e4b2025-08-20T03:13:51ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182025-04-01158101910.3390/diagnostics15081019Vascular Contribution to Cerebral Waste Clearance Affected by Aging or DiabetesYimin Shen0Li Zhang1Guangliang Ding2Edward Boyd3Jasleen Kaur4Qingjiang Li5E. Mark Haacke6Jiani Hu7Quan Jiang8Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USADepartment of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA<b>Background:</b> The brain’s vascular system has recently been shown to provide an important efflux pathway for cerebral waste clearance (CWC). However, little is known about the influence of aging or diabetes on the CWC. The aim of the current study is to investigate the vasculature contribution to CWC under aging and diabetic conditions. <b>Methods</b>: Male Wistar rats under aging and diabetic conditions were evaluated using dynamic intra-cisterna superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced susceptibility-weighted imaging (SPIO-SWI). Theoretical analysis of the expected signal intensity using SPIO-SWI was compared with the corresponding dynamic in vivo images. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) was used to evaluate the iron-based tracer concentration in the venous system. <b>Results</b>: Our data demonstrated that the theoretical analysis predicted the dynamic changes in the signal intensity after SPIO infusion. The distinct hyperintense signals due to the lower concentration of the SPIO over time in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and meningeal lymphatic (ML) vessels likely represented the CWC through various efflux pathways, including cerebral vascular and ML vessels. The QSM analysis further revealed reduced CWC from the vasculature in both the aged and diabetic groups compared to the younger group. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our results demonstrated that SPIO-SWI can quantitatively evaluate the CWC efflux contributions from cerebral vascular vessels under aging or diabetic conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/8/1019glymphatic systemcerebral vascular systemmagnetic resonance imagingsusceptibility-weighted imagingmeningeal lymphatic vessels |
| spellingShingle | Yimin Shen Li Zhang Guangliang Ding Edward Boyd Jasleen Kaur Qingjiang Li E. Mark Haacke Jiani Hu Quan Jiang Vascular Contribution to Cerebral Waste Clearance Affected by Aging or Diabetes Diagnostics glymphatic system cerebral vascular system magnetic resonance imaging susceptibility-weighted imaging meningeal lymphatic vessels |
| title | Vascular Contribution to Cerebral Waste Clearance Affected by Aging or Diabetes |
| title_full | Vascular Contribution to Cerebral Waste Clearance Affected by Aging or Diabetes |
| title_fullStr | Vascular Contribution to Cerebral Waste Clearance Affected by Aging or Diabetes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vascular Contribution to Cerebral Waste Clearance Affected by Aging or Diabetes |
| title_short | Vascular Contribution to Cerebral Waste Clearance Affected by Aging or Diabetes |
| title_sort | vascular contribution to cerebral waste clearance affected by aging or diabetes |
| topic | glymphatic system cerebral vascular system magnetic resonance imaging susceptibility-weighted imaging meningeal lymphatic vessels |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/8/1019 |
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