Microphysical Interactions Determine the Effectiveness of Solar Radiation Modification via Stratospheric Solid Particle Injection
Abstract Recent studies have suggested that stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) of solid particles for climate intervention could reduce stratospheric warming compared to injection of SO2. However, interactions of microphysical processes, such as settling and coagulation of solid particles, with s...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110575 |
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| author | S. Vattioni S. K. Käslin J. A. Dykema L. Beiping T. Sukhodolov J. Sedlacek F. N. Keutsch T. Peter G. Chiodo |
| author_facet | S. Vattioni S. K. Käslin J. A. Dykema L. Beiping T. Sukhodolov J. Sedlacek F. N. Keutsch T. Peter G. Chiodo |
| author_sort | S. Vattioni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Recent studies have suggested that stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) of solid particles for climate intervention could reduce stratospheric warming compared to injection of SO2. However, interactions of microphysical processes, such as settling and coagulation of solid particles, with stratospheric dynamics have not been considered. Using a global chemistry‐climate model with interactive solid particle microphysics, we show that agglomeration significantly reduces the backscatter efficiency per unit of injected material compared to mono‐disperse particles, partly due to faster settling of the agglomerates, but mainly due to increased forward‐ over backscattering with increasing agglomerate size. Despite these effects, some materials substantially reduce required injection rates as well as perturbation of stratospheric winds, age of air and stratospheric warming compared to injection of SO2, with the most promising results being shown by 150 nm diamond particles. Uncertainties remain as to whether stratospheric dispersion of solid particles is feasible without formation of agglomerates. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8576eb8cbc4b402e8217c75639e87148 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-8576eb8cbc4b402e8217c75639e871482025-08-20T02:45:43ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072024-10-015119n/an/a10.1029/2024GL110575Microphysical Interactions Determine the Effectiveness of Solar Radiation Modification via Stratospheric Solid Particle InjectionS. Vattioni0S. K. Käslin1J. A. Dykema2L. Beiping3T. Sukhodolov4J. Sedlacek5F. N. Keutsch6T. Peter7G. Chiodo8Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich Zurich SwitzerlandInstitute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich Zurich SwitzerlandJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA USAInstitute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich Zurich SwitzerlandPhysikalisch‐Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos and World Radiation Center Davos SwitzerlandPhysikalisch‐Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos and World Radiation Center Davos SwitzerlandJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA USAInstitute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich Zurich SwitzerlandInstitute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich Zurich SwitzerlandAbstract Recent studies have suggested that stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) of solid particles for climate intervention could reduce stratospheric warming compared to injection of SO2. However, interactions of microphysical processes, such as settling and coagulation of solid particles, with stratospheric dynamics have not been considered. Using a global chemistry‐climate model with interactive solid particle microphysics, we show that agglomeration significantly reduces the backscatter efficiency per unit of injected material compared to mono‐disperse particles, partly due to faster settling of the agglomerates, but mainly due to increased forward‐ over backscattering with increasing agglomerate size. Despite these effects, some materials substantially reduce required injection rates as well as perturbation of stratospheric winds, age of air and stratospheric warming compared to injection of SO2, with the most promising results being shown by 150 nm diamond particles. Uncertainties remain as to whether stratospheric dispersion of solid particles is feasible without formation of agglomerates.https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110575solar radiation modificationclimate interventionaerosol microphysicssolid particlesstratospheric heatingoptical properties |
| spellingShingle | S. Vattioni S. K. Käslin J. A. Dykema L. Beiping T. Sukhodolov J. Sedlacek F. N. Keutsch T. Peter G. Chiodo Microphysical Interactions Determine the Effectiveness of Solar Radiation Modification via Stratospheric Solid Particle Injection Geophysical Research Letters solar radiation modification climate intervention aerosol microphysics solid particles stratospheric heating optical properties |
| title | Microphysical Interactions Determine the Effectiveness of Solar Radiation Modification via Stratospheric Solid Particle Injection |
| title_full | Microphysical Interactions Determine the Effectiveness of Solar Radiation Modification via Stratospheric Solid Particle Injection |
| title_fullStr | Microphysical Interactions Determine the Effectiveness of Solar Radiation Modification via Stratospheric Solid Particle Injection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microphysical Interactions Determine the Effectiveness of Solar Radiation Modification via Stratospheric Solid Particle Injection |
| title_short | Microphysical Interactions Determine the Effectiveness of Solar Radiation Modification via Stratospheric Solid Particle Injection |
| title_sort | microphysical interactions determine the effectiveness of solar radiation modification via stratospheric solid particle injection |
| topic | solar radiation modification climate intervention aerosol microphysics solid particles stratospheric heating optical properties |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL110575 |
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