Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Lanthanoids with Traditional Ligands (4-Acylpyrazolone and Bidentate Nitrogen Bases) in a Nontraditional Diluent Confirmed by Slope Analysis and NMR
The synergistic solvent extraction of La(III), Eu(III) and Lu(III) with a chelating extractant, 4-benzoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (HL), and neutral bidentate heterocyclic amines, such as 1,10-phenanthroline (S1 (phen)) or 2,2′-bipyridine (S2 (bipy)) in an ionic liquid of the imidazolium...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Maria Atanassova Nina Todorova Svetlana Simova |
| author_facet | Maria Atanassova Nina Todorova Svetlana Simova |
| author_sort | Maria Atanassova |
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| description | The synergistic solvent extraction of La(III), Eu(III) and Lu(III) with a chelating extractant, 4-benzoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (HL), and neutral bidentate heterocyclic amines, such as 1,10-phenanthroline (S1 (phen)) or 2,2′-bipyridine (S2 (bipy)) in an ionic liquid of the imidazolium family [C<sub>1</sub>C<sub>4</sub>im<sup>+</sup>][Tf<sub>2</sub>N<sup>−</sup>] was investigated. Synergistic effects have been observed to result from the formation of a ternary complex in the organic phase, particularly in cases where the ligand S is a neutral synergistic agent. Examples include La(L)<sub>2</sub>(S2)<sub>2</sub>, Eu(L)<sub>3</sub>(S2) and Lu(L)<i><sub>x</sub></i>(S2)<sub>2</sub>, as well as La(L)<sub>3</sub>(S1)<sub>2</sub>, Eu(L)<sub>2</sub>(S1) and Lu(L)<sub>3</sub>(S1)<i><sub>x</sub></i>). The parameters of the solvent extraction process were determined and the influence of the synergistic agent on the extraction process was discussed. Additionally, the synergistic increase and separation factors were determined. The equilibrated organic phases were analyzed using <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy to elucidate the synergism in an extraction mechanism. The role of the ionic diluent in complexation processes and selectivity was investigated with the employment of the two synergistic agents for various metal s-, p-, d- and f-cations in the periodic table, with almost 22 metal ions. |
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| spelling | doaj-art-856d61c0a88a42d7a39a646e16f709402025-08-20T02:03:28ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-02-0130478610.3390/molecules30040786Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Lanthanoids with Traditional Ligands (4-Acylpyrazolone and Bidentate Nitrogen Bases) in a Nontraditional Diluent Confirmed by Slope Analysis and NMRMaria Atanassova0Nina Todorova1Svetlana Simova2Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemical Technologies and Metallurgy, 8 Kliment Okhridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemical Technologies and Metallurgy, 8 Kliment Okhridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Block 9, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaThe synergistic solvent extraction of La(III), Eu(III) and Lu(III) with a chelating extractant, 4-benzoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (HL), and neutral bidentate heterocyclic amines, such as 1,10-phenanthroline (S1 (phen)) or 2,2′-bipyridine (S2 (bipy)) in an ionic liquid of the imidazolium family [C<sub>1</sub>C<sub>4</sub>im<sup>+</sup>][Tf<sub>2</sub>N<sup>−</sup>] was investigated. Synergistic effects have been observed to result from the formation of a ternary complex in the organic phase, particularly in cases where the ligand S is a neutral synergistic agent. Examples include La(L)<sub>2</sub>(S2)<sub>2</sub>, Eu(L)<sub>3</sub>(S2) and Lu(L)<i><sub>x</sub></i>(S2)<sub>2</sub>, as well as La(L)<sub>3</sub>(S1)<sub>2</sub>, Eu(L)<sub>2</sub>(S1) and Lu(L)<sub>3</sub>(S1)<i><sub>x</sub></i>). The parameters of the solvent extraction process were determined and the influence of the synergistic agent on the extraction process was discussed. Additionally, the synergistic increase and separation factors were determined. The equilibrated organic phases were analyzed using <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy to elucidate the synergism in an extraction mechanism. The role of the ionic diluent in complexation processes and selectivity was investigated with the employment of the two synergistic agents for various metal s-, p-, d- and f-cations in the periodic table, with almost 22 metal ions.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/786lanthanoidssynergistic extraction4-benzoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one1,10-phenanthroline2,2′-bipyridineNMR |
| spellingShingle | Maria Atanassova Nina Todorova Svetlana Simova Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Lanthanoids with Traditional Ligands (4-Acylpyrazolone and Bidentate Nitrogen Bases) in a Nontraditional Diluent Confirmed by Slope Analysis and NMR Molecules lanthanoids synergistic extraction 4-benzoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one 1,10-phenanthroline 2,2′-bipyridine NMR |
| title | Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Lanthanoids with Traditional Ligands (4-Acylpyrazolone and Bidentate Nitrogen Bases) in a Nontraditional Diluent Confirmed by Slope Analysis and NMR |
| title_full | Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Lanthanoids with Traditional Ligands (4-Acylpyrazolone and Bidentate Nitrogen Bases) in a Nontraditional Diluent Confirmed by Slope Analysis and NMR |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Lanthanoids with Traditional Ligands (4-Acylpyrazolone and Bidentate Nitrogen Bases) in a Nontraditional Diluent Confirmed by Slope Analysis and NMR |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Lanthanoids with Traditional Ligands (4-Acylpyrazolone and Bidentate Nitrogen Bases) in a Nontraditional Diluent Confirmed by Slope Analysis and NMR |
| title_short | Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Lanthanoids with Traditional Ligands (4-Acylpyrazolone and Bidentate Nitrogen Bases) in a Nontraditional Diluent Confirmed by Slope Analysis and NMR |
| title_sort | synergistic solvent extraction of lanthanoids with traditional ligands 4 acylpyrazolone and bidentate nitrogen bases in a nontraditional diluent confirmed by slope analysis and nmr |
| topic | lanthanoids synergistic extraction 4-benzoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one 1,10-phenanthroline 2,2′-bipyridine NMR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/786 |
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