The role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance: a double-edged sword

The domain of cancer treatment has persistently been confronted with significant challenges, including those associated with recurrence and drug resistance. The complement system, which serves as the foundation of the innate immune system, exhibits intricate and nuanced dual characteristics in the e...

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Main Authors: Ronghui Yang, Di Fu, Aijun Liao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-01-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1529184/full
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author Ronghui Yang
Di Fu
Di Fu
Aijun Liao
author_facet Ronghui Yang
Di Fu
Di Fu
Aijun Liao
author_sort Ronghui Yang
collection DOAJ
description The domain of cancer treatment has persistently been confronted with significant challenges, including those associated with recurrence and drug resistance. The complement system, which serves as the foundation of the innate immune system, exhibits intricate and nuanced dual characteristics in the evolution of tumors. On the one hand, the complement system has the capacity to directly inhibit cancer cell proliferation via specific pathways, thereby exerting a beneficial anti-tumor effect. Conversely, the complement system can also facilitate the establishment of an immune escape barrier for cancer cells through non-complement-mediated mechanisms, thereby protecting them from eradication. Concurrently, the complement system can also be implicated in the emergence of drug resistance through a multitude of complex mechanisms, directly or indirectly reducing the efficacy of therapeutic interventions and facilitating the progression of cancer. This paper analyses the role of the complement system in tumors and reviews recent research advances in the mechanisms of tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance.
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spelling doaj-art-852999b2927046bdbc68ba8b01d3f6cc2025-01-31T06:39:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-01-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15291841529184The role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance: a double-edged swordRonghui Yang0Di Fu1Di Fu2Aijun Liao3Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaDepartment of General Practice, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, ChinaThe domain of cancer treatment has persistently been confronted with significant challenges, including those associated with recurrence and drug resistance. The complement system, which serves as the foundation of the innate immune system, exhibits intricate and nuanced dual characteristics in the evolution of tumors. On the one hand, the complement system has the capacity to directly inhibit cancer cell proliferation via specific pathways, thereby exerting a beneficial anti-tumor effect. Conversely, the complement system can also facilitate the establishment of an immune escape barrier for cancer cells through non-complement-mediated mechanisms, thereby protecting them from eradication. Concurrently, the complement system can also be implicated in the emergence of drug resistance through a multitude of complex mechanisms, directly or indirectly reducing the efficacy of therapeutic interventions and facilitating the progression of cancer. This paper analyses the role of the complement system in tumors and reviews recent research advances in the mechanisms of tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1529184/fullcomplement systemtumoranti-tumorimmune tolerancedrug resistance
spellingShingle Ronghui Yang
Di Fu
Di Fu
Aijun Liao
The role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance: a double-edged sword
Frontiers in Immunology
complement system
tumor
anti-tumor
immune tolerance
drug resistance
title The role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance: a double-edged sword
title_full The role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance: a double-edged sword
title_fullStr The role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance: a double-edged sword
title_full_unstemmed The role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance: a double-edged sword
title_short The role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance: a double-edged sword
title_sort role of complement in tumor immune tolerance and drug resistance a double edged sword
topic complement system
tumor
anti-tumor
immune tolerance
drug resistance
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1529184/full
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