Rheumatological Manifestations in People Living with Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in Northern Brazil
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection has been associated with inflammatory, autoimmune, and lymphoproliferative diseases with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Among patients with inflammatory rheumatological disease manifestations, cases of rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren’s syndr...
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| author | Márcio Yutaka Tsukimata Bianca Lumi Inomata da Silva Leonn Mendes Soares Pereira Bruno José Sarmento Botelho Luciana Cristina Coelho Santos Carlos David Araújo Bichara Gabriel dos Santos Pereira Neto Aline Cecy Rocha Lima Francisco Erivan da Cunha Rodrigues Natália Pinheiro André Sarah Marques Galdino Danniele Chagas Monteiro Ludmila do Carmo de Souza Silva Lourena Camila Oliveira Araújo José Ronaldo Matos Carneiro Rosana de Britto Pereira Cruz Ricardo Ishak Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto Bárbara Nascimento de Carvalho Klemz Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto |
| author_facet | Márcio Yutaka Tsukimata Bianca Lumi Inomata da Silva Leonn Mendes Soares Pereira Bruno José Sarmento Botelho Luciana Cristina Coelho Santos Carlos David Araújo Bichara Gabriel dos Santos Pereira Neto Aline Cecy Rocha Lima Francisco Erivan da Cunha Rodrigues Natália Pinheiro André Sarah Marques Galdino Danniele Chagas Monteiro Ludmila do Carmo de Souza Silva Lourena Camila Oliveira Araújo José Ronaldo Matos Carneiro Rosana de Britto Pereira Cruz Ricardo Ishak Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto Bárbara Nascimento de Carvalho Klemz Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto |
| author_sort | Márcio Yutaka Tsukimata |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection has been associated with inflammatory, autoimmune, and lymphoproliferative diseases with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Among patients with inflammatory rheumatological disease manifestations, cases of rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren’s syndrome, polymyositis, and fibromyalgia, among others, have been reported. Another common feature of rheumatological diseases is the presence of joint manifestations, such as arthralgia and arthritis. In the present study, we sought to determine the laboratory profile and clinical rheumatological manifestations of people living with HTLV-1/2 residing in a metropolitan area in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 957 individuals were screened for HTLV-1/2 infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and samples from seropositive individuals were subjected to infection confirmation by Western blotting or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Individuals with confirmed HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infection were clinically evaluated for signs and symptoms of rheumatological diseases. Of the 957 individuals tested, 69 were positive for HTLV-1/2 infection, with 56 confirmed cases of HTLV-1 infection (5.9%), 12 of HTLV-2 infection (1.2%), and 1 classified as undetermined (0.1%). After clinical screening, 15 infected individuals with complaints suggestive of rheumatological disease were selected for evaluation by a rheumatologist (11 with HTLV-1 infection (1.1%) and 4 with HTLV-2 infection (0.4%)). The predominant pain pattern was symmetrical polyarthralgia, with large joints predominantly being affected. The diseases diagnosed were psoriatic arthritis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, and regional pain syndromes. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity was observed in two patients. Our findings confirm that HTLV-1 infection is associated with rheumatological disease manifestations and highlight the novel finding of cases of HTLV-2 infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-84fa9c2c443b489581a0995649cb583c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-84fa9c2c443b489581a0995649cb583c2025-08-20T03:32:19ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-06-0117787410.3390/v17070874Rheumatological Manifestations in People Living with Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in Northern BrazilMárcio Yutaka Tsukimata0Bianca Lumi Inomata da Silva1Leonn Mendes Soares Pereira2Bruno José Sarmento Botelho3Luciana Cristina Coelho Santos4Carlos David Araújo Bichara5Gabriel dos Santos Pereira Neto6Aline Cecy Rocha Lima7Francisco Erivan da Cunha Rodrigues8Natália Pinheiro André9Sarah Marques Galdino10Danniele Chagas Monteiro11Ludmila do Carmo de Souza Silva12Lourena Camila Oliveira Araújo13José Ronaldo Matos Carneiro14Rosana de Britto Pereira Cruz15Ricardo Ishak16Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto17Bárbara Nascimento de Carvalho Klemz18Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto19Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilFaculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ciências Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilFaculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ciências Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilFaculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ciências Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilLaboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Pará, BrazilHuman T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection has been associated with inflammatory, autoimmune, and lymphoproliferative diseases with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Among patients with inflammatory rheumatological disease manifestations, cases of rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren’s syndrome, polymyositis, and fibromyalgia, among others, have been reported. Another common feature of rheumatological diseases is the presence of joint manifestations, such as arthralgia and arthritis. In the present study, we sought to determine the laboratory profile and clinical rheumatological manifestations of people living with HTLV-1/2 residing in a metropolitan area in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 957 individuals were screened for HTLV-1/2 infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and samples from seropositive individuals were subjected to infection confirmation by Western blotting or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Individuals with confirmed HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infection were clinically evaluated for signs and symptoms of rheumatological diseases. Of the 957 individuals tested, 69 were positive for HTLV-1/2 infection, with 56 confirmed cases of HTLV-1 infection (5.9%), 12 of HTLV-2 infection (1.2%), and 1 classified as undetermined (0.1%). After clinical screening, 15 infected individuals with complaints suggestive of rheumatological disease were selected for evaluation by a rheumatologist (11 with HTLV-1 infection (1.1%) and 4 with HTLV-2 infection (0.4%)). The predominant pain pattern was symmetrical polyarthralgia, with large joints predominantly being affected. The diseases diagnosed were psoriatic arthritis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, and regional pain syndromes. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) positivity was observed in two patients. Our findings confirm that HTLV-1 infection is associated with rheumatological disease manifestations and highlight the novel finding of cases of HTLV-2 infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis symptoms.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/874human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1)human T-lymphotropic virus 2 (HTLV-2)rheumatic diseasesarthralgiamyalgia |
| spellingShingle | Márcio Yutaka Tsukimata Bianca Lumi Inomata da Silva Leonn Mendes Soares Pereira Bruno José Sarmento Botelho Luciana Cristina Coelho Santos Carlos David Araújo Bichara Gabriel dos Santos Pereira Neto Aline Cecy Rocha Lima Francisco Erivan da Cunha Rodrigues Natália Pinheiro André Sarah Marques Galdino Danniele Chagas Monteiro Ludmila do Carmo de Souza Silva Lourena Camila Oliveira Araújo José Ronaldo Matos Carneiro Rosana de Britto Pereira Cruz Ricardo Ishak Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto Bárbara Nascimento de Carvalho Klemz Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres Vallinoto Rheumatological Manifestations in People Living with Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in Northern Brazil Viruses human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) human T-lymphotropic virus 2 (HTLV-2) rheumatic diseases arthralgia myalgia |
| title | Rheumatological Manifestations in People Living with Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in Northern Brazil |
| title_full | Rheumatological Manifestations in People Living with Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in Northern Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Rheumatological Manifestations in People Living with Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in Northern Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rheumatological Manifestations in People Living with Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in Northern Brazil |
| title_short | Rheumatological Manifestations in People Living with Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in Northern Brazil |
| title_sort | rheumatological manifestations in people living with human t lymphotropic viruses 1 and 2 htlv 1 and htlv 2 in northern brazil |
| topic | human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) human T-lymphotropic virus 2 (HTLV-2) rheumatic diseases arthralgia myalgia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/7/874 |
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