Assembly and Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Endangered Medicinal Plant <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>

Plant mitochondrial genomes exhibit extensive size variability and structural complexity. Here, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>, an endemic medicinal plant from the Western Ghats. The mitochondrial genome was assembled using a combination of Ill...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Biju Vadakkemukadiyil Chellappan, P. R. Shidhi, Anu Sasi, Rashid Ismael Hag Ibrahim, Hamad Abu Zahra
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Current Issues in Molecular Biology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/7/553
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849246332778184704
author Biju Vadakkemukadiyil Chellappan
P. R. Shidhi
Anu Sasi
Rashid Ismael Hag Ibrahim
Hamad Abu Zahra
author_facet Biju Vadakkemukadiyil Chellappan
P. R. Shidhi
Anu Sasi
Rashid Ismael Hag Ibrahim
Hamad Abu Zahra
author_sort Biju Vadakkemukadiyil Chellappan
collection DOAJ
description Plant mitochondrial genomes exhibit extensive size variability and structural complexity. Here, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>, an endemic medicinal plant from the Western Ghats. The mitochondrial genome was assembled using a combination of Illumina short-read and PacBio long-read sequencing technologies, followed by extensive annotation and comparative analysis. The circular mitogenome spans 709,127 bp with a GC content of 46%, encoding 32 protein-coding genes, 17 tRNAs, and three rRNAs. Comparative analysis with other monocot mitochondrial genomes revealed conserved gene clusters but also significant lineage-specific rearrangements. Despite genome size similarities, <i>T. zeylanicus</i> displayed marked divergence in gene order, suggesting that genome size does not necessarily correlate with structural conservation. The genome contains 6.7% chloroplast-derived sequences and 324 predicted RNA-editing sites, predominantly in the first and second codon positions. Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial genes placed <i>T. zeylanicus</i> as a distinct lineage within Dioscoreales, supporting its evolutionary uniqueness. This work provides the first mitogenomic resource for Dioscoreales and advances our understanding of mitochondrial diversity and evolution in monocots.
format Article
id doaj-art-84bf06fda1bc4bdca17bed9fdd1158ff
institution Kabale University
issn 1467-3037
1467-3045
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Current Issues in Molecular Biology
spelling doaj-art-84bf06fda1bc4bdca17bed9fdd1158ff2025-08-20T03:58:31ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452025-07-0147755310.3390/cimb47070553Assembly and Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Endangered Medicinal Plant <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>Biju Vadakkemukadiyil Chellappan0P. R. Shidhi1Anu Sasi2Rashid Ismael Hag Ibrahim3Hamad Abu Zahra4Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Zoology, University of Kerala, Kariyavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Kerala, Kariyavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala, IndiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaPlant mitochondrial genomes exhibit extensive size variability and structural complexity. Here, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>, an endemic medicinal plant from the Western Ghats. The mitochondrial genome was assembled using a combination of Illumina short-read and PacBio long-read sequencing technologies, followed by extensive annotation and comparative analysis. The circular mitogenome spans 709,127 bp with a GC content of 46%, encoding 32 protein-coding genes, 17 tRNAs, and three rRNAs. Comparative analysis with other monocot mitochondrial genomes revealed conserved gene clusters but also significant lineage-specific rearrangements. Despite genome size similarities, <i>T. zeylanicus</i> displayed marked divergence in gene order, suggesting that genome size does not necessarily correlate with structural conservation. The genome contains 6.7% chloroplast-derived sequences and 324 predicted RNA-editing sites, predominantly in the first and second codon positions. Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial genes placed <i>T. zeylanicus</i> as a distinct lineage within Dioscoreales, supporting its evolutionary uniqueness. This work provides the first mitogenomic resource for Dioscoreales and advances our understanding of mitochondrial diversity and evolution in monocots.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/7/553genetic diversitycomparative genomicscodon usage biasmitochondrial repetitive elements
spellingShingle Biju Vadakkemukadiyil Chellappan
P. R. Shidhi
Anu Sasi
Rashid Ismael Hag Ibrahim
Hamad Abu Zahra
Assembly and Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Endangered Medicinal Plant <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>
Current Issues in Molecular Biology
genetic diversity
comparative genomics
codon usage bias
mitochondrial repetitive elements
title Assembly and Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Endangered Medicinal Plant <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>
title_full Assembly and Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Endangered Medicinal Plant <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>
title_fullStr Assembly and Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Endangered Medicinal Plant <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>
title_full_unstemmed Assembly and Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Endangered Medicinal Plant <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>
title_short Assembly and Comparative Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Endangered Medicinal Plant <i>Trichopus zeylanicus</i>
title_sort assembly and comparative analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequence of endangered medicinal plant i trichopus zeylanicus i
topic genetic diversity
comparative genomics
codon usage bias
mitochondrial repetitive elements
url https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/47/7/553
work_keys_str_mv AT bijuvadakkemukadiyilchellappan assemblyandcomparativeanalysisofcompletemitochondrialgenomesequenceofendangeredmedicinalplantitrichopuszeylanicusi
AT prshidhi assemblyandcomparativeanalysisofcompletemitochondrialgenomesequenceofendangeredmedicinalplantitrichopuszeylanicusi
AT anusasi assemblyandcomparativeanalysisofcompletemitochondrialgenomesequenceofendangeredmedicinalplantitrichopuszeylanicusi
AT rashidismaelhagibrahim assemblyandcomparativeanalysisofcompletemitochondrialgenomesequenceofendangeredmedicinalplantitrichopuszeylanicusi
AT hamadabuzahra assemblyandcomparativeanalysisofcompletemitochondrialgenomesequenceofendangeredmedicinalplantitrichopuszeylanicusi