Ectopic pregnancy is associated with increased risk of displaced implantation window: a retrospective study
Abstract Background To evaluate the risk factors associated with WOI (window of implantation) displacement based on ERT (endometrial receptivity test), and to confirm the association of ectopic pregnancy with WOI displacement. Methods This is a retrospective study at the Reproductive Medicine Center...
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BMC
2024-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-024-07072-z |
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| author | Hong Zeng Yahan Chang Nenghui Liu Shuyi Li |
| author_facet | Hong Zeng Yahan Chang Nenghui Liu Shuyi Li |
| author_sort | Hong Zeng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background To evaluate the risk factors associated with WOI (window of implantation) displacement based on ERT (endometrial receptivity test), and to confirm the association of ectopic pregnancy with WOI displacement. Methods This is a retrospective study at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Xiangya Hospital from January 2020 to April 2024, consisting of 934 patients who performed ERT. The patients underwent 3771 assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles and 2629 embryo transfer (ET) cycles, with each patient experiencing at least one implantation failure. The study utilized generalized estimation equation (GEE) models to examine factors associated with WOI displacement, adjusting for confounding factors like age, body mass index (BMI), and infertility type. Non-linear relationships between age or BMI with WOI displacement were explored using generalized additive models (GAM) with thresholds detected by segmented regression. Results Among the patients, 60.17% were in the receptive phase, 39.40% in the pre-receptive phase, and 0.43% in the post-receptive phase. Ectopic pregnancy history increased the risk of WOI displacement by 62% (aOR 1.62, 95%CI 1.03–2.53, P = 0.035), patients over 35 years old had a 50% higher risk of WOI displacement compared to patients under 34 (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.12-2.00, P = 0.007). Secondary infertility showed a 26% lower risk of WOI displacement than primary infertility without statistical significance (aOR 0.74 95% CI 0.54–1.02, P = 0.062). BMI ≥ 22 kg/m2 was associated with a 25% increased risk of WOI displacement without statistical significance (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 0.94–1.67, P = 0.12). Conclusion Ectopic pregnancy and advanced age (≥ 35) are significantly associated with increased risk of WOI displacement. Primary infertility and higher BMI (≥ 22 kg/m2) tend to increase the risk of WOI displacement though without statistical significance. Clinical trial number Not applicable. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8487952072ff4130b974e740ec1742ea |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1471-2393 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
| spelling | doaj-art-8487952072ff4130b974e740ec1742ea2025-08-20T02:40:18ZengBMCBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth1471-23932024-12-012411910.1186/s12884-024-07072-zEctopic pregnancy is associated with increased risk of displaced implantation window: a retrospective studyHong Zeng0Yahan Chang1Nenghui Liu2Shuyi Li3Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityDepartment of Reproductive Medicine Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityAbstract Background To evaluate the risk factors associated with WOI (window of implantation) displacement based on ERT (endometrial receptivity test), and to confirm the association of ectopic pregnancy with WOI displacement. Methods This is a retrospective study at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Xiangya Hospital from January 2020 to April 2024, consisting of 934 patients who performed ERT. The patients underwent 3771 assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles and 2629 embryo transfer (ET) cycles, with each patient experiencing at least one implantation failure. The study utilized generalized estimation equation (GEE) models to examine factors associated with WOI displacement, adjusting for confounding factors like age, body mass index (BMI), and infertility type. Non-linear relationships between age or BMI with WOI displacement were explored using generalized additive models (GAM) with thresholds detected by segmented regression. Results Among the patients, 60.17% were in the receptive phase, 39.40% in the pre-receptive phase, and 0.43% in the post-receptive phase. Ectopic pregnancy history increased the risk of WOI displacement by 62% (aOR 1.62, 95%CI 1.03–2.53, P = 0.035), patients over 35 years old had a 50% higher risk of WOI displacement compared to patients under 34 (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.12-2.00, P = 0.007). Secondary infertility showed a 26% lower risk of WOI displacement than primary infertility without statistical significance (aOR 0.74 95% CI 0.54–1.02, P = 0.062). BMI ≥ 22 kg/m2 was associated with a 25% increased risk of WOI displacement without statistical significance (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 0.94–1.67, P = 0.12). Conclusion Ectopic pregnancy and advanced age (≥ 35) are significantly associated with increased risk of WOI displacement. Primary infertility and higher BMI (≥ 22 kg/m2) tend to increase the risk of WOI displacement though without statistical significance. Clinical trial number Not applicable.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-024-07072-zAssisted reproductive medicineEctopic pregnancyEndometrial receptivity testGeneralized estimation equationWindow of implantation |
| spellingShingle | Hong Zeng Yahan Chang Nenghui Liu Shuyi Li Ectopic pregnancy is associated with increased risk of displaced implantation window: a retrospective study BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Assisted reproductive medicine Ectopic pregnancy Endometrial receptivity test Generalized estimation equation Window of implantation |
| title | Ectopic pregnancy is associated with increased risk of displaced implantation window: a retrospective study |
| title_full | Ectopic pregnancy is associated with increased risk of displaced implantation window: a retrospective study |
| title_fullStr | Ectopic pregnancy is associated with increased risk of displaced implantation window: a retrospective study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ectopic pregnancy is associated with increased risk of displaced implantation window: a retrospective study |
| title_short | Ectopic pregnancy is associated with increased risk of displaced implantation window: a retrospective study |
| title_sort | ectopic pregnancy is associated with increased risk of displaced implantation window a retrospective study |
| topic | Assisted reproductive medicine Ectopic pregnancy Endometrial receptivity test Generalized estimation equation Window of implantation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-024-07072-z |
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