The Safety and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Healthy Children Aged 6–35 Months: A Randomized, Blinded and Positive-Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial

<b>Background</b>: Influenza is a serious contagious disease caused by influenza virus. It is particularly dangerous for children, potentially leading to severe and even fatal complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of two candidate quadrivalent...

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Main Authors: Lili Huang, Guangfu Li, Yuhui Zhang, Xue Zhao, Kai Wang, Chunyu Jia, Wei Zhang, Jiebing Tan, Xiaofen Chen, Qin Li, Hongyan Jiang, Rui An, Wenna Leng, Yongli Yang, Youcai An, Yanxia Wang, Yaodong Zhang
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Vaccines
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/5/467
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author Lili Huang
Guangfu Li
Yuhui Zhang
Xue Zhao
Kai Wang
Chunyu Jia
Wei Zhang
Jiebing Tan
Xiaofen Chen
Qin Li
Hongyan Jiang
Rui An
Wenna Leng
Yongli Yang
Youcai An
Yanxia Wang
Yaodong Zhang
author_facet Lili Huang
Guangfu Li
Yuhui Zhang
Xue Zhao
Kai Wang
Chunyu Jia
Wei Zhang
Jiebing Tan
Xiaofen Chen
Qin Li
Hongyan Jiang
Rui An
Wenna Leng
Yongli Yang
Youcai An
Yanxia Wang
Yaodong Zhang
author_sort Lili Huang
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background</b>: Influenza is a serious contagious disease caused by influenza virus. It is particularly dangerous for children, potentially leading to severe and even fatal complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of two candidate quadrivalent influenza subunit vaccines in children aged 6–35 months. <b>Methods</b>: The subjects were randomly divided into three groups at a 1:1:1 ratio and received the corresponding vaccines: QIV-Sub-HD (Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine, High Dose), QIV-Sub-LD (Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine, Low Dose) and QIV-Split-LD (Quadrivalent Influenza Split-Virion Vaccine, Low Dose). Adverse events were recorded at 30 min, 0–7 days and 8–28 and 30 days after each dose of immunization. Serious adverse events (SAEs) were collected and reported within 6 months after the full vaccination. Blood samples were collected before the first dose and on 28 days, 3 months and 6 months after full vaccination for antibody detection to evaluate the immunogenicity and duration of immune responses. <b>Results</b>: The results showed that the relative and absolute criteria met the goals set by the clinical trial protocol, indicating that both vaccines are immunogenic. From the first dose to 30 days after full vaccination, the total incidence of adverse reactions in the QIV-Sub-HD, QIV-Sub-LD and QIV-Split-LD groups was 29.64%, 33.33% and 29.64%, respectively. The main symptoms were fever, cough, diarrhea and vomiting. No new safety concerns were identified. <b>Conclusions</b>: The quadrivalent influenza subunit vaccines candidate, manufactured by Ab&B Bio-tech Co., Ltd. JS., are safe and immunogenic in children aged 6–35 months.
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spelling doaj-art-84812e9082ca40cda1c856e740feecfc2025-08-20T02:33:55ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2025-04-0113546710.3390/vaccines13050467The Safety and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Healthy Children Aged 6–35 Months: A Randomized, Blinded and Positive-Controlled Phase III Clinical TrialLili Huang0Guangfu Li1Yuhui Zhang2Xue Zhao3Kai Wang4Chunyu Jia5Wei Zhang6Jiebing Tan7Xiaofen Chen8Qin Li9Hongyan Jiang10Rui An11Wenna Leng12Yongli Yang13Youcai An14Yanxia Wang15Yaodong Zhang16Henan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaHenan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, ChinaHenan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, ChinaHenan Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, ChinaAb&B Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. JS, Taizhou 225300, China<b>Background</b>: Influenza is a serious contagious disease caused by influenza virus. It is particularly dangerous for children, potentially leading to severe and even fatal complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of two candidate quadrivalent influenza subunit vaccines in children aged 6–35 months. <b>Methods</b>: The subjects were randomly divided into three groups at a 1:1:1 ratio and received the corresponding vaccines: QIV-Sub-HD (Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine, High Dose), QIV-Sub-LD (Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine, Low Dose) and QIV-Split-LD (Quadrivalent Influenza Split-Virion Vaccine, Low Dose). Adverse events were recorded at 30 min, 0–7 days and 8–28 and 30 days after each dose of immunization. Serious adverse events (SAEs) were collected and reported within 6 months after the full vaccination. Blood samples were collected before the first dose and on 28 days, 3 months and 6 months after full vaccination for antibody detection to evaluate the immunogenicity and duration of immune responses. <b>Results</b>: The results showed that the relative and absolute criteria met the goals set by the clinical trial protocol, indicating that both vaccines are immunogenic. From the first dose to 30 days after full vaccination, the total incidence of adverse reactions in the QIV-Sub-HD, QIV-Sub-LD and QIV-Split-LD groups was 29.64%, 33.33% and 29.64%, respectively. The main symptoms were fever, cough, diarrhea and vomiting. No new safety concerns were identified. <b>Conclusions</b>: The quadrivalent influenza subunit vaccines candidate, manufactured by Ab&B Bio-tech Co., Ltd. JS., are safe and immunogenic in children aged 6–35 months.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/5/467influenza vaccinesafetyimmunogenicitysubunitclinical trialchildren
spellingShingle Lili Huang
Guangfu Li
Yuhui Zhang
Xue Zhao
Kai Wang
Chunyu Jia
Wei Zhang
Jiebing Tan
Xiaofen Chen
Qin Li
Hongyan Jiang
Rui An
Wenna Leng
Yongli Yang
Youcai An
Yanxia Wang
Yaodong Zhang
The Safety and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Healthy Children Aged 6–35 Months: A Randomized, Blinded and Positive-Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial
Vaccines
influenza vaccine
safety
immunogenicity
subunit
clinical trial
children
title The Safety and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Healthy Children Aged 6–35 Months: A Randomized, Blinded and Positive-Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial
title_full The Safety and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Healthy Children Aged 6–35 Months: A Randomized, Blinded and Positive-Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial
title_fullStr The Safety and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Healthy Children Aged 6–35 Months: A Randomized, Blinded and Positive-Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial
title_full_unstemmed The Safety and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Healthy Children Aged 6–35 Months: A Randomized, Blinded and Positive-Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial
title_short The Safety and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Healthy Children Aged 6–35 Months: A Randomized, Blinded and Positive-Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial
title_sort safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent influenza subunit vaccine in healthy children aged 6 35 months a randomized blinded and positive controlled phase iii clinical trial
topic influenza vaccine
safety
immunogenicity
subunit
clinical trial
children
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/5/467
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