Long term efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with early stage breast cancer assessed through SEER database analysis

Abstract Current guidelines lack definitive recommendations on the use of chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer in patients aged over 70. Clinical decision-making on chemotherapy for elderly breast cancer remains challenging because of insufficient large-scale, long-term outcomes. We conducted...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sheng Chen, Xiaoyun Zhou, Li Yang, Ting Xu, Guoping Xu, Shujie Chen, Jie Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03592-6
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849402608369795072
author Sheng Chen
Xiaoyun Zhou
Li Yang
Ting Xu
Guoping Xu
Shujie Chen
Jie Wang
author_facet Sheng Chen
Xiaoyun Zhou
Li Yang
Ting Xu
Guoping Xu
Shujie Chen
Jie Wang
author_sort Sheng Chen
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Current guidelines lack definitive recommendations on the use of chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer in patients aged over 70. Clinical decision-making on chemotherapy for elderly breast cancer remains challenging because of insufficient large-scale, long-term outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2010 to 2020 to investigate early-stage breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma in patients aged 70 to 79. Propensity score matching (PSM) with a ratio of 1:1 and caliper of 0.02 standard deviation of propensity score was employed to address covariate imbalance. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the impact of chemotherapy on breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS). We identified a total of 11,792 patients with complete information about breast cancer, who underwent surgical treatment and received systemic therapy after surgery. Among them, 3,490 patients received chemotherapy. After PSM, we obtained a matched cohort consisting of 3,156 patients where the characteristics between the two groups were balanced except for molecular subtypes. In the matched dataset, no significant differences were observed in BCSS (P = 0.118) and OS (P = 0.119) between the two groups based on Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Similarly, multivariate COX analysis revealed that chemotherapy did not significantly reduce the risk of BCSS (HR: 1.212; 95% CI: [0.958–1.533], P = 0.109) and OS (HR: 0.888; 95% CI: [0.765–1.031], P = 0.12). Stratified analyses based on molecular subtypes revealed that chemotherapy did not confer a favorable prognosis in patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-negative breast cancer in stages I and IIa, as well as in patients with HR+HER2+ breast cancer in stages I. Chemotherapy may not confer a discernible benefit for all elderly patients with breast cancer. Nevertheless, de-escalating chemotherapy could be considered as a preferable alternative for older individuals diagnosed with HR+HER2- breast cancer in stages I and IIa or HR+HER2+ breast cancer in stages I.
format Article
id doaj-art-847f1e086ea54292bce4779721577ec9
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-847f1e086ea54292bce4779721577ec92025-08-20T03:37:30ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111510.1038/s41598-025-03592-6Long term efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with early stage breast cancer assessed through SEER database analysisSheng Chen0Xiaoyun Zhou1Li Yang2Ting Xu3Guoping Xu4Shujie Chen5Jie Wang6Department of Breast Surgery, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityAbstract Current guidelines lack definitive recommendations on the use of chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer in patients aged over 70. Clinical decision-making on chemotherapy for elderly breast cancer remains challenging because of insufficient large-scale, long-term outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2010 to 2020 to investigate early-stage breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma in patients aged 70 to 79. Propensity score matching (PSM) with a ratio of 1:1 and caliper of 0.02 standard deviation of propensity score was employed to address covariate imbalance. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the impact of chemotherapy on breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS). We identified a total of 11,792 patients with complete information about breast cancer, who underwent surgical treatment and received systemic therapy after surgery. Among them, 3,490 patients received chemotherapy. After PSM, we obtained a matched cohort consisting of 3,156 patients where the characteristics between the two groups were balanced except for molecular subtypes. In the matched dataset, no significant differences were observed in BCSS (P = 0.118) and OS (P = 0.119) between the two groups based on Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Similarly, multivariate COX analysis revealed that chemotherapy did not significantly reduce the risk of BCSS (HR: 1.212; 95% CI: [0.958–1.533], P = 0.109) and OS (HR: 0.888; 95% CI: [0.765–1.031], P = 0.12). Stratified analyses based on molecular subtypes revealed that chemotherapy did not confer a favorable prognosis in patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-negative breast cancer in stages I and IIa, as well as in patients with HR+HER2+ breast cancer in stages I. Chemotherapy may not confer a discernible benefit for all elderly patients with breast cancer. Nevertheless, de-escalating chemotherapy could be considered as a preferable alternative for older individuals diagnosed with HR+HER2- breast cancer in stages I and IIa or HR+HER2+ breast cancer in stages I.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03592-6AgedBreast cancerChemotherapyBreast cancer-specific survivalSEER database
spellingShingle Sheng Chen
Xiaoyun Zhou
Li Yang
Ting Xu
Guoping Xu
Shujie Chen
Jie Wang
Long term efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with early stage breast cancer assessed through SEER database analysis
Scientific Reports
Aged
Breast cancer
Chemotherapy
Breast cancer-specific survival
SEER database
title Long term efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with early stage breast cancer assessed through SEER database analysis
title_full Long term efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with early stage breast cancer assessed through SEER database analysis
title_fullStr Long term efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with early stage breast cancer assessed through SEER database analysis
title_full_unstemmed Long term efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with early stage breast cancer assessed through SEER database analysis
title_short Long term efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with early stage breast cancer assessed through SEER database analysis
title_sort long term efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with early stage breast cancer assessed through seer database analysis
topic Aged
Breast cancer
Chemotherapy
Breast cancer-specific survival
SEER database
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03592-6
work_keys_str_mv AT shengchen longtermefficacyofadjuvantchemotherapyinelderlypatientswithearlystagebreastcancerassessedthroughseerdatabaseanalysis
AT xiaoyunzhou longtermefficacyofadjuvantchemotherapyinelderlypatientswithearlystagebreastcancerassessedthroughseerdatabaseanalysis
AT liyang longtermefficacyofadjuvantchemotherapyinelderlypatientswithearlystagebreastcancerassessedthroughseerdatabaseanalysis
AT tingxu longtermefficacyofadjuvantchemotherapyinelderlypatientswithearlystagebreastcancerassessedthroughseerdatabaseanalysis
AT guopingxu longtermefficacyofadjuvantchemotherapyinelderlypatientswithearlystagebreastcancerassessedthroughseerdatabaseanalysis
AT shujiechen longtermefficacyofadjuvantchemotherapyinelderlypatientswithearlystagebreastcancerassessedthroughseerdatabaseanalysis
AT jiewang longtermefficacyofadjuvantchemotherapyinelderlypatientswithearlystagebreastcancerassessedthroughseerdatabaseanalysis